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CLASP Alcohol > Alcohol Formative > Flashcards

Alcohol Formative Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of these initially metabolises alcohol?
1 - cytochrome p450
2 - alcohol hydrates
3 - alcohol phosphatase
4 - alcohol dehydrogenase
A

4 - Alcohol is metabolised by ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE

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2
Q

What does the term inotrope refer to?

A

Cardiac Contractility

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3
Q

After use of muscle glycogen, the liver can produce “new glucose” through which process?

A

Gluconeogenesis

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4
Q

Are hepatocytes present in a portal tract?

A

NO

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5
Q

Which 4 features are found within a portal tract?

A

Bile duct, Lymphocyte, Vein, Artery

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6
Q

Persistent vomiting causing a gastric tear is known as?

A

Mallory Weiss Tear

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7
Q

What is the legal drinking age in Scotland while supervised at home?

A

5

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8
Q 
A patient with LFTs showing a normal GGT, AST and ALT with high All Phos is most likely to have what? 
1 - bone disease
2 - chronic alcoholism
3 - recent binge drinking
4 - viral hepatitis
A

1 - bone disease

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9
Q

Liver enzyme ALT is short for what?

A

Alanine aminotransferase

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10
Q

The ligament theres within the falciform ligament is formed from which embryological structure?

A

Umbilical vein

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11
Q 
Which of the following is not associated with acute pancreatitis?
1 - caput medusae
2 - grey-turner sign
3 - renal failure
4 - Cullen's sign
5 - respiratory failure
A

Renal Failure

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12
Q

True or false: alcohol is known to decrease blood LDL levels?

A

False

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13
Q

True or false: alcohol is known to increase blood triglyceride levels?

A

True

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14
Q

Which lobe of the lung is most commonly affected in aspiration pneumonia?

A

Right lower lobe superior segment)

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15
Q 
What secondary condition is a patient with haematemesis at risk of?
1 - septic shock
2 - cariogenic shock
3 - neurogenic shock
4 - hypovolaemic shock
A

Hypovolaemic shock from blood loss

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16
Q

Which nerve supplies the heart?

A

Vagus nerve

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17
Q

What is the embryological origin of the liver?

A

Foregut

18
Q

Where in the brain is the respiratory centre found?

A

In the brainstem

19
Q

Which cancer does alcohol confer the strongest risk for?

Oesophageal SCC, Colorectal adenocarcinoma, or Hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

20
Q

Liver enzyme AST is short for what?

A

Aspartate aminotransferase

21
Q 
Portal hypertension is most commonly associated with?
1 - Cullen's sign
2 - Splenomegaley
3 - Positive Murphy's sign
4 - Positive Courvoisier's sign
A

Splenomegaley

22
Q

In the normal metabolic pathway what is bilirubin formed from?

A

Biliverdin

23
Q

True or false: chronic alcoholism is associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy?

A

False, it is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy

24
Q

Which clotting factor is NOT made in the liver?

A

VIII - made in vascular endothelium

25
Q

Can Kayser Fleisher rings be associated with alcohol?

A

No

26
Q

Can caput medusa be associated with alcohol?

A

Yes

27
Q

How many segments is the liver divided into?

A

8

28
Q

Why are females likely to become more rapidly intoxicated than males?

A

They tend to have less alcohol dehydrogenase and higher subcutaneous fat percentage

29
Q

True or false: alcohol is associated with accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes?

A

True

30
Q

Fibrosis cirrhosis of the liver is mediated by which type of cell?

A

Interstitial cells of Ito

31
Q

Treatments intended to manage ascites in cirrhosis aim to reduce levels of?
1 - sodium
2 - phosphate
3 - Magnesium

A

SODIUM

32
Q

Which of these drugs is more associated with acute pancreatitis?
1 - Steroids
2 - Diuretics
3 - Opiates

A

STEROIDS

33
Q

What is the recommended number of units of alcohol in 1 week for men/women?

A

14

34
Q

Which of these is associated with severe hepatitis?
1 - hepatobiliary syndrome
2 - hepatocardiac syndrome
3 - hepatorenal syndrome

A

Hepatorenal syndrome

35
Q

What is the cause of Dupuytren’s Contracture?

A

Scarring of the palmar fascia

36
Q

How many units are in a standard (175ml) glass of wine?

A

2 units

37
Q

Jaundice as a result of alcoholic hepatitis is caused by an accumulation of what?

A

Conjugated bilirubin (unconjugated bilirubin can also cause jaundice but is not due to alcoholic hepatitis)

38
Q 
Microscopically, what borders hepatocytes?
1 - Space of Disse
2 - Bowman's space
3 -Venules
4 - Arterioles
A

Space of Disse

39
Q

Does water consumption increase the speed of elimination of alcohol from the body?

A

No - only food increases the rate of elimination from the body

40
Q

Antabuse - a drug used to treat alcoholism - works by inhibiting which enzyme?

A

Aldehyde dehydrogenase - this results in a build up acetaldehyde which is very unpleasant for the patient

CLASP Alcohol (2 decks)

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