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Food Science and Nutrition > Alcohol and Nutrition > Flashcards

Alcohol and Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

What is this the chemical formula for: CH3CH2OH

A

Ethanol

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2
Q

What is the chemical formula for ethanol?

A

CH3CH2OH

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3
Q

Is alcohol said to have a high or low energy content?

A

High

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4
Q

Alcohol is often described as having empty calories- why?

A

Very little nutrient value

Exception: folate in beer

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5
Q

Why is there no DRV set for alcohol?

A

Because it is not considered an essential nutrient

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6
Q

What percentage of the energy DRV is dedicated to alcohol?

A

5%

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7
Q

What is the recommended upper limit of alcohol?

A

14 units per week

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8
Q

What is the recommendation of alcohol for present women? Why is it this value?

A

0- due to the risk of fetal alcohol syndrome

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9
Q

What are the effects of alcohol on the body?

A

Decreased inhibition
Slurred speech
reduced coordination
Unconscious

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10
Q

What is the legal driving limit in the UK?

A

Less than 80mg/100ml of blood

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11
Q

What is the relationship between alcohol and cancer described as being?

A

Complex- many studies produce conflicting findings

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12
Q

Which tract within the body readily absorbs alcohol?

A

GI

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13
Q

How is alcohol transported in the blood?

A

Unaltered

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14
Q

What is the name of the two pathways that convert ethanol to acetaldehyde?

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase pathway

Cytochrome P450 system

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15
Q

What are the benefits of alcohol?

A

Social
Reduced LDL, risk of CV disease, Type 2 diabetes
Increased HDL

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16
Q

What does chronic excessive alcohol consumption lead to?

A

Fatty liver disease
Cirrhosis
Lactic acidosis
Metabolic tolerance

17
Q

What does a high NADH: NAH+ ratio indicate?

A

A metabolic shift that promotes fatty acids synthesis that causes lactic acidosis

18
Q

What are the consequences of acetaldehyde toxicity?

A

Impairs protein function

Impedes the formation of microtubules in the liver which leads to cirrhosis

19
Q

What is meant by the term metabolic tolerance?

A

Becoming tolerant to the acute effects of alcohol

  • may result in deficiency
  • results in a reduced number of retinol due to competition for retinal which leads to reduce vision and blindness

Food Science and Nutrition (28 decks)

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