Alcohol Flashcards
What was alcohol used for from pre-history through the 16th century?
Used in ceremonies and as replacements for other beverages which might be unsafe to drink- like water from wells or rivers.
From the 15th century to the 16th century, alcohol was used as…
A pain killer and anesthetic
In the 15th century to the 16th century, the distillation process increased alcohol content to
50% or more
What was going on during 1710-1750?
Gin Epidemic in London
Explain the Gin Epidemic in London
Cheap gin due to low grain prices
What were the effects of the Gin Epidemic?
Declining birth rates
Malformed and retarded children
Gin Tax increased tax on gin and limited places it could be sold.
What was the attitude towards alcohol during Colonial Times?
Drunkenness a punishable offense
Hard liquor was “from the devil”
In 1790, what was the estimated alcohol consumption for each adult was…
6 gallons of alcohol per year (Twice the est level of consumption in 1985)
What was important about the 19th Century?
American Temperance Movement
Explain the temperance movement
The first U.S. Surgeon General described intemperance as a disease and further described symptoms: alcohol tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal
What happened which paused the temperance movement?
The Civil War
Explain the Post-Civil War Era
Alcohol abuse prevalent
Opiate addiction
Prohibition Party founded
Explain the Industrial Revolution
Drinking made one be accepted by peers
Frequent drinking showed loyalty
Temperance movement returns
Temperance=
Women’s Suffrage Movement; backdrop for the women to organize against gender inequality in the workplace and to gain their right to vote
20th Century changes
agricultural -> industrial flappers automobiles cheap whiskey SEX
Prohibition became law in
January 16, 1919; Volstead Act, 18 Amendment; 21st Amendment repealed 18th Amendment
20th Century chronological order
WW I (women entering job force) -> Depression (work to help support families) -> WW II (played a major role at home) -> View of womanhood changing (fuck being home)
1940s and 1950s
Madonna vs. Whore (Donna Reed vs Marilyn Monroe)
1960s
Women's Rights BC Advanced Education Employment opportunities Bra Burning War in Vietnam
How are women biologically different than men when it comes to alcohol?
Absorb and metabolize alcohol differently from men
Higher BACs after the same amt of alcohol
More susceptible to liver disease and brain damage
Why are women biologically different when it comes to alcohol?
Women have more water in their smaller stomachs
Lower activity of the alcohol metabolizing enzyme ADH in stomach
So the larger proportion of ingested alcohol reaches the liver
Define Drunkorexia
No eating
More drinking
Decreased metabolism of estradiol results in
Lower bone density
Higher CHD risk
Higher susceptibility to liver disease
Females have a _____ rate of drinking and driving but ______ rates of riding with intoxicated drivers
Lower, Higher
