Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS3 PMHP > Alcohol > Flashcards

Alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the concentration of alcohol greater in the liver ?

A

Alcohol is absorbed in GI tract - stomach and small intestine - and absorbed into portal vein which goes straight to liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What drugs affect blood alcohol concentration ?

A

Antihistamines.
Cimetidine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What enzyme will be increased in heavy drinkers ?

A

Gamma GT enzyme.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What percentage of alcohol is metabolised and excreted from liver ?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are patient factors which might influence alcohol metabolism ?

A

Age, gender, weight, previous exposure, food intake.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is cimetidine effect on alcohol concentration ?

A

Increases absorption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is antihistamines effect on alcohol concentration ?

A

Decreases absorption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What two factors make alcohol concentration higher in women ?

A

Reduced alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme in stomach - results in more absorption before metabolism.
Smaller blood volume.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What system is initiated in heavy drinkers ?

A

Microsomal ethanol oxidising system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the safe weekly limit of alcohol ?

A

14 units spread across 3-4 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the legal driving limit of alcohol ?

A

80mg/100ml of blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the potential dental effects of vitamin deficiency (particularly B1, B2, B6, E and D) ?

A

Oral ulceration, glossitis, angular cheilitis, gingivitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the 3 blood related effects of alcohol ?

A

Thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, macrocytosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name some dental effects of alcohol consumption.

A

Oral cancer.
Xerostomia.
Sialosis.
Caries.
Poor wound healing.
Osteomyelitis.
NCTSL.
OH and drug regime compliance.
Dental trauma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What analgesia should be advised for patients who are heavy drinkers ?

A

Paracetamol (NSAIDs pose risk of gastric bleeding).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What should a patient who drinks heavily be warned of if they require metronidazole treatment ?

A

Nausea and vomitting.

17
Q

What is the mechanism of metronidazole’s action on alcohol ?

A

Inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase in stomach causing build up of acetylaldehyde = nausea.

18
Q

What are signs of alcoholic liver disease ?

A

Jaundice. Ascites. Cachexia. Enchephalopathy. Bleeding. Bruising.
Infection.

19
Q

If patient has no liver damage but drinks alcohol regularly - what outcome will it have on drug metabolism ?

A

Increased metabolism as liver enzymes are increased.

20
Q

If patient has liver damage but drinks alcohol regularly - what outcome will it have on drug metabolism ?

A

Reduced metabolism as liver enzymes are not being produced from fibrosed tissue.

21
Q

Patient has alcoholic liver disease, what LA should be used ?

A

Articaine.

22
Q

What % of people diagnosed with oral cancer consume alcohol ?

A

75-80%

23
Q

What is the survival rate % of oral cancer within 5 years ?

A

45-55%

24
Q

What are the 4 ways which alcohol (ethanol metabolite - acetylaldehyde) can cause oral cancer ?

A

Ethanol metabolite (acetylaldehyde) -
Promotes tobacco initiated tumours.
Facilitates carcinogenic absorption in oral mucosa.
Damages DNA.
Alters oncogene production.

25
Q

Name two questionnaires for assessment of alcohol intake.

A

FAST and AUDIT

26
Q

What alcohol assessment questionnaire is most commonly used in dentistry ?

A

FAST questionnaire.

27
Q

What is the function of alcohol assessment questionnaires ?

A

Identifies risk factors for dentist.
Identifies need for more comprehensive assessment for substance misuse.

28
Q

What are the five stages to the cycle of change ?

A

Precontemplative.
Contemplative.
Preparation.
Action.
Maintenance.
(Relapse).

29
Q

What type of intervention should a dentist take in alcohol prevention ?

A

Brief motivational interventions - opportunistic (5-20 mins) non-judgemental to encourage patient to recognise and differ actual and ideal behaviour with respect to alcohol intake.

BDS3 PMHP (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions