Alchohols Flashcards
What are alcohols
Family of organic compounds containing hydroxyl group
How does hydroxyl look like
C2H4OH
Alcohols have have higher what than alkahes?
Higher boiling points despite having similar number of electrons per molecules
Why is this bruddah
this is due to Alcohols have a polar OH group, this allows hydrogen bonds to form between the alcohols molecules
What are these hydrogens bonds stronger than
LDF that exist between alkanes
Solubility of alcohols in water
—————————————-
Water is polar molecules and be used as what
A solvent to dissolve other polar molecules and be
Why are alcohols polar
Due to the presence of highly polar hydroxyl group (OH)
Alcohols with small carbon chains will dissolve why?
Due to the hydrogen bonding that exists in both molecules
What happens as the chain of carbon increases
Strength of LDF in hydrocarbon section of the alcohol will increase and become stronger than the hydrogen bonding provided by hydroxyl groups
But why?
Because as the length of hydrocarbon chain in the alcohol increases so does the number of electrons per
What part contains LDF
Hydrocarbon section
The more electrons the stronger the
LDF are
Viscosity of alcohols
What is the viscosity of molecules dependent on
The IMF present
Alcohols have high hydrogen bonding between molecules
The more OH groups an alchohols has the stronger
The IMF And more viscous the liquid becomes
Alcohols with 2 hydroxyl groups are called
Diols
Alcohols with 3 hydroxyl groups are called
Triols
Types of structures for alcohols
Primary
Secondary
Tetiary
Whats an alkyl
A functional group of an organic chemical that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, that are arranged in a chain
Whats the alkyl general formula
CnH2n-+1
Examples of alkyl
Methyl (CH3)
What does the presences of multiple OH groups do
Chnage Viscosity, melting and boiling points, and solubility
The more hydroxyl groups, the stronger the hydrogen bonding meaning what
Meaning more energy is needed to break the IMF holding the molecules together
