ALCANI Flashcards

1
Q

Căldura de ardere

A

Q => căldura degajată la arderea unui mol de substanță; Se măsoară în kJ sau kcal.

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2
Q

Descompunere termică

A

<650 grade: cracare

>650 grade: piroliza + dehidrogenare

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3
Q

Cifra octanica

A

Reprezinta procentul masic de izooctan dintr-un amestec cu n-heptan, care are aceeasi rezistenta la detonatie ca benzina examinata.

izooctan: CO = 100
n-heptan: CO = 0

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4
Q

Puterea calorica

A

Cantitatea de caldura degajata la arderea completa a unei mase de 1 kg combustibil solid/ lichid sau 1 metru cub combustibil gazos.

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5
Q

Reactia de izomerizare

A

AlCl3/ AlBr3 la 50-100 C

zeoliti la 250-300 C

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6
Q

Metan

A

CH4

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7
Q

Valentele atomului de C

A

Dupa varfurile unui tetraedru regulat

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8
Q

Geometria metanului

A

Tetraedru regulat

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9
Q

Metiliden

A

-CH2- (metilen)

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10
Q

Reactia de halogenare

A

Fotochimic, 300-400 C

fotochimic = lumina unui bec puternic, lumina solara, lumina ultravioleta

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11
Q

Ratie de omolog

A

-CH2-

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12
Q

Metil

A

CH3-

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13
Q

Unghiul dintre valente

A

109 28`

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14
Q

Lungimea legaturii C-C

A

1, 54 A

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15
Q

Izooctanul

A

2,2,4-trimetilpentan

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16
Q

Metilidin

A

CH

17
Q

Gaz de cocserie

A

Contine 25% metan

18
Q

Gaz grizu

A

Contine metan in concentratie mare

19
Q

Gaze de sonda

A

Meta, etan, propan, butan si izobutan

20
Q

Rotatia in jurul legaturii

A

Posibila

21
Q

Stare de agregare

A

25 grade, 1 atm (conditii normale)
I, II, III, IV + neopentan => gaze
termenii mijlocii (<=C17) => lichizi
restul => solizi