Albinism & Iris Nodules Flashcards
Describe Albinism
Pigmentation, Ocular symptoms: phorias, light sensitivity, rapid eye movement and vision
- melanin pigment defect (no pigment in skin, hair, eyes)
- Ocular Syptoms: crossed eyed (strabismus), light sensitivity (photophobia), rapid eye movement (nystagmus), vision problems and blindness
Which is NOT an ocular symptom of albinism?
A. Cross eye (strabismus) B. Light sensitivity (photophobia) C. Rapid eye movement (Nystagmus) D.Vision Problems, functional blindness E. Pupillary miosis
E. Pupillary miosis
What is the treatment for albinism?
- relieve symptoms
- protect skin and eyes from sun (sunscreen, sunglasses)
- genetic testing and counseling
Describe Tyrosine Negative Oculocutaneous Albinism
Melanin production, iris color, VA, Photophobia, nystagmus?
- unable to produce melanin (albino)
- complete iris transillumination (pink iris)
- decreased VA (>20/200)
- Photophobia
- pendicular, horizontal nystagmus
Describe Tyrosine Positive Oculocutaneous Albinism
Melanin production, iris color, VA, Photophobia, nystagmus?
- patient produces melanin
- fair normal complexion
- blue, brown, variable transillumination
- may/may not have decreased VA or nystagmus
What causes decreased VA in albinism?
- abnormal crossing of temporal fibers in optic chiasm
Describe Ocular Albinism
what happen to Visual Field and why?, are female carriers affected?
- Decreased visual field from affected peripheral RPE
- Female carriers, asympotomatic, normal VA, partial iris transillumination, macular stippling
Describe Koeppe iris nodules
Where is it located
- small in size, at the pupil border
- inflammation cell preciptitates
- may be found in non-granulatomous uveitis
Describe busacca iris nodules
Where is it located, does nodule resolve when inflammation is treated
- less common
- on mid iris level surface
- nodule resolves when inflammation is treated
Describe Lisch iris nodules
bilateral?, benign/malignant, color and shape of papule, does it affect vision?
- small bilateral melanocytic hamartoma (benign tumor)
clear, yellow-brown, oval-round, dome shaped papule that project on iris surface - typical does not affect vision
Describe Iris mamillations
bilateral?, does it cover anterior iris surface, symptoms?, effects on IOP?
- unilateral
- tiny regular spaced villiform (tiny nipple-like) elevations on iris lesions, with uniform height
- overlies hyperpigmented iris
- covers anterior surface of iris (partial/total)
- asymptomatic, may increase IOP
Describe Brushfield spots
What syndrome is it often associated with
- Gray/brown spots on iris associated with Down’s Sybdrome (mongolism)
- also seen in many normal childern
Define iridodialysis, iridodonesis and iris bombe
- Iridodialysis: tear
- Ididodonesis: tremors on iris upon movement, occurs in subluxation of lens
- Iris Bombe: occurs in posterior synechia, increase fluid in posterior chamber causes forward bulge of peripheral iris
What is Iridology?
- Belief that patterns, color and characteristics of iris can be examined to determine information about a patient’s systemic health.
- divide iris into zones corresponding to specific part of human body
- diagnostic tool, not for treatment
You have an small iris nodule located at the pupil border that may be caused by precipitates from an inflammatory cell or non-granulatomous uveitis. What type of iris nodule is this?
A. Koeppe B. Busacca C. Lisch D. Iris Mamillations E. Brushfield spots
A. Koeppe
