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Southern Politics > Alabama > Flashcards

Alabama Flashcards

1
Q

Effects of Jim Crow on African Americans

A

literacy test limited citizens’ ability to register to vote or cast ballots

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2
Q

Impacts of the Voting Rights Act

A

-turnout increased by 45% in presidential elections and by 160% in gubernatorial elections
-African Americans registered as democrats and voted for people who looked like themselves
- led to democratic party changing from white supremacy to biracial; if someone wanted to win they had to compete for African American votes
-Also led to a percentage of conservative whites moving to the republican party because democratic candidates had to have more moderate views on issues such as race
- democrats and republicans competed on an EQUAL footing for power

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3
Q

In what year did Alabama have African American state legislators

A

1971
-Since 1995, Black democrats have maintained average control of nearly 25% of state House seats and 22% if state senate seats
- One of the US house seats for Alabama is African American
-mayors of Birmingham and Montgomery are Black

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4
Q

What percentage of the population is African American

A

27%

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5
Q

George Wallace

A

ran in 1982 by creating a coalition that included African Americans, labor unions, metropolitan voters, and poorer voters which was used by democrats after Reagan influenced the realignment of whites to the republican party
-later ran as a conservative and stood in front of the University of Alabama and dais his famous segregation chant

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6
Q

Republican Party demographic

A

coalition consisted of white evangelicals, middle and upper class voters, and business interests as represented by the traditional big mules

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7
Q

When is the last time the state voted for a democratic president? Governor?

A

1978 and 1998

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8
Q

Democratic Decline?

A

-Although Democrats at the local level have outperformed statewide candidates well into the late 2000s
- since the 1970s, democrats have lost seats almost every election cycle including 2018 and 2020 due to loss of support from white rural voters
-Democrats lost both chambers of the state legislature in 2010
- today almost every democratic lawmaker is African American and every republican lawmaker is white

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9
Q

Republican Scandals

A

Speaker of the house, Mike Hubbard, was convicted on 12 felony charges, Judiciary Roy Moore was removed for attempting to thwart US Supreme court 2015 decision, and Robert Bentley pleaded guilty to campaign finance violations

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10
Q

Statewide offices are held by which party?

A

Republican

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11
Q

Democrats in elections

A

Hillary Clinton earned 34.4% of the state’s total vote; Joe Biden won 36.6% of the vote Gubernatorial candidate Parker Griffith won 36.4% of the 2014 vote and Walt Maddox won 40.4%

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12
Q

Doug Jones

A

became the first democratic senator since Richard Shelby in 1992 against Roy Moore

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13
Q

Roy Moore

A

ran against Doug Jones (a democrat), but Moore was accused of bring sexually inappropriate with a 14-year-old girl led to Jones narrowly defeating Moore by 1.6 percentage points
-Chief Justice of supreme court
-removed from office twice
- 10 commandments which violates establishment clause and tells people to ignore supreme court on same-sex marriage

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14
Q

Counties that vote republican

A

Madison, Tuscaloosa, and Lee County typically vote republican

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15
Q

Tommy Tuberville v Doug Jones

A

Auburn University football coach who defeated Jones in his reelection by more than 20 percentage points
-Jones performed better among younger voters with a college education and female voters, this is especially true for the 30% of whites who voted for him

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16
Q

Democrats rely on what type of voters

A

POOR, YOUNG, FEMALE, COLLEGE EDUCATED

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17
Q

Chris England

A

Elected by The State Democratic Executive Committee in 2019 making him the first Black chair
-this could reinvigorate the party which was seen as disorganized and a neglected grass roots organization

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18
Q

How has the population changed within the state?

A

remained largely stagnant over time urban population has stayed the same form 1970 to 2010
-hasn’t attracted major new industries which means that they haven’t attracted diverse workforce
-Alabama is still 68% white

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19
Q

Are political Parties racially polarized?

A

yes; Only 17% of white voters are democrats and 15% of blacks are republicans

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20
Q

Alabama Memorial preservation act of 2017

A

prohibits the removal of monuments that have been in place for at least 40 years and is interpreted as intended to protect monuments erected in honor of confederate causes

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21
Q

Abortion Laws in the State

A

 1997: the state passed an anti-abortion bill that made it a felony to abort a fetus that has reached viability
 2002: state passed an informed -consent law requiring verification that a woman seeking abortion had seen or waived seeing an ultrasound of the fetus
 2013: the state restricted the availability of abortion-inducing drugs
 2014: the state amended its statutes governing abortions for minors seeking to obtain an abortion without parental consent via judicial bypass to allow judges to appoint counsel to represent the interests of the unborn
 2019: Passed the STRICTEST law in which abortions were banned in ALL circumstances unless the person wanted 99 years in prison
 2006: the state legislature approved an amendment banning same-sex marriage
 2017: passed a bill that allowed agencies to deny same sex couples the ability to adopt
 2021: republican lawmakers introduced legislation that would criminally ban doctors from giving transgender kids puberty blockers

22
Q

The issue of gambling

A

EVANGELICALS OPPOSE GAMBLING WHICH IS RAN BY POARCH CREEK INDIANS
- opposition has waned and a majority of Alabamians support a lottery funded education

23
Q

Where do most liberals come from

A

The North; Tennessee River Valleys–> TBA built dams, provided jobs, infrastructure, and internet

24
Q

Did they vote for Goldwater in 1964?

A

Yes; coattails allowed for republicans to win 5 congressional seats

25
Q

Who was the 1st republican governor?

A

Guy Hunt?

26
Q

Guy Hunt

A

reelected in 1990; he is suspended for 5 years because he was rising money off of the church preaching’s to pay off his debt

27
Q

Who was the last democratic governor?

A

was Don sealum
- same thought process as Hodges in south Carolina
- if I’m elected governor I will legalize casinos -runs for reelection and loses because on election night in 2002 he was losing 19,000 to 30,000 then the next day it was down to 13,000
- there was no recount possible
- accused of bribery and sentenced to 7 years - key witness against him was looking at jail time himself because he extorted 200,000 dollars

28
Q

Mark Fuller

A

a federal judge from Alabama who assaulted his wife

29
Q

Robert Bentley

A

Alabama is sick and we need a doctor he takes campaign funds, 9,000, to pay for his lovers bills; a republican in 2017

30
Q

Who is the current governor

A

Kay Ivey

31
Q

First republican senator

A

Jeremiah Denton, in 1981

32
Q

When did the state vote for third parties?

A

in 1940 and 1968; Wallace is democratic nominee and JFK; 5 faithless electors vote for Henry Byrd

33
Q

Big Jim

A

gets elected as a progressive; 1950 steps down; gets elected again in 1954; invites Powel to stay in governor’s mansion- one of two African Americans in congress; does not run off of desegregation; runs for governor again in 1962 against Wallace –> big Jim was so drunk before a campaign block and stops his political career

34
Q

Lurlene Wallace

A

Wife of George Wallace who ran under his order
-died and Wallace in 1970 runs on racist campaign and also elected in 1974 and 1982
-he gets shot between these two terms and is paralyzed and got 90% of black vote and 1/3 In the runoff

35
Q

Famous book from this state

A

To Kill A Mockingbird

36
Q

Civil Rights

A

-known as the cradle of civil rights with the Bus Boycott and MLK
- Birmingham known as bombingham and the church bombing
- 4 girls were killed
-Letter from Birmingham Jail
- Bull Conner was police commissioner and on city council; fire hoses and dogs were used on Black population
-Selma, Alabama- MLK shifts focus to here after he fails in Albany
-Sunday afternoon church best to march from Selma to Birmingham
- meet police at a steel arch bridge which leads to beating
- John Lewis skull is fractured

37
Q

Black Panther Party

A

associated with Oakland California, but its antecedent in Alabama; logo for democratic party is a black panther iconography

38
Q

Bull Connor

A

-adoption of the civil rights laws; support from non-southerners for the civil rights act of 1964
- gave federal government economic control, public accommodations couldn’t have segregated seating, desegregation, title VII-equal access to employment-, Killer amendment- add something to an amendment to make people not vote for it

38
Q

Bull Connor

A

-adoption of the civil rights laws; support from non-southerners for the civil rights act of 1964
- gave federal government economic control, public accommodations couldn’t have segregated seating, desegregation, title VII-equal access to employment-, Killer amendment- add something to an amendment to make people not vote for it

39
Q

Freedom Bus Riders

A

start in Washington DC and into the south, but they have problems in Alabama; the bus gets burned and the integrated group is beaten

40
Q

Voting Rights Act Supreme Court Case

A

plaintiff states that under section two of voting rights act, the state should have 2 districts with a majority black but they only have 1; section 2 is indisputable

41
Q

percentage of blacks in government

A

-20% state senators are black; ¼ state house are black; 2000 since 1880 a black republican got elected in state legislature from Shelby County

42
Q

New South Coalition

A

-Birmingham elects Richard Arrington as Mayor in 1978 and serves for 20 years
-Joe reed was the head of the Alabama democratic coalition made endorsements amongst democratic primaries, a competition that you don’t normally see

43
Q

Significance of 2004

A

constitutional amendment to remove 1901 law that required segregation

44
Q

30-30 elections

A

a democrat to win, need 30% of the white vote and 30% of all votes from black population–> Doug Jones

45
Q

Is the State covered by the VRA in 1965?

A

YES

46
Q

Governor and Committee Chairs

A

up until Guy Hunt named committee chairs and other state offices; Guy Hunt was first republican meaning that democrats changed the policy so that republican governor could not put republicans into legislature

47
Q

Lobbyist in government

A

allowed to sit on floor of legislative chamber

48
Q

State Budget

A

legislature passes budget as the first thing to pass; has two budgets one with education and the other is general; to raise taxes you ned a majority vote

49
Q

Economic Boosts?

A

Mercedes car plant; state would buy 100 Mercedes per year; Honda Plant; Toyota and Mazda plant; population does not grow

50
Q

women in government

A

-Agnes Baggett
- group of women who were in office and would switch off as they were term limited
-offices like secretary of state, treasurer, and auditor

51
Q

Frank Johnson

A

-came from free state of Winston was a republican
- appointed by Eisenhower as a federal district judge as the youngest one
- had more influence running state than George Wallace by being more progressive on civil rights issues

Southern Politics (8 decks)

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