akylating agents

Question 1

akylating agents

Answer 1

Cell Cycle Non- Specific
Electrophiles that attack nucleophiles in DNA (usually N7 of G).

Important side effects: Bone marrow, nausea + vomiting, mucosal toxicity, reproductive problems, increase risk of leukemia.

Resistance can occur: decrease permeability/uptake; increase catabolism; enhanced DNA repair; increased glutathione.

Question 2

mechlorethamine

Answer 2

Nitrogen Mustard
alkylating agent. spontaneous conversion in body fluid or enzymatically in liver.

Use: Hodgkin’s Disease, cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Side Effect: sterility

Question 3

cyclophosphamide

Answer 3

Nitrogen mustard
alkylating agent. liver conversion to phosphamide.

Use: ALL, CLL, Non-Hodgkins, Breast, Ovary, Lung

Side Effect: hemorrhagic cystitis

Question 4

ifosfamide

Answer 4

Nitrogen mustard
alkylating agent: liver conversion to phosphamide

Use: sarcoma + testicular

Side Effect: hemorrhagic cystitis

Question 5

Carmustine & Lomustine

Answer 5

akylating agent
Class: nitrosoureas

Use: brain tumors

Side Effect: renal toxicity and pulmonary fibrosis

Question 6

Decarbazine

Answer 6

Alkylating agent: converted by liver
Class: triazenes

Use: Hodgkin’s + melanoma

Side Effects: flu like symptoms

Question 7

Temozolomide

Answer 7

Alkylating agent: nonenzymatic conversion to methylhydrazine
Class: triazenes

Use: gliomas

Side Effects: flu like symptoms

Question 8

Cisplatin

Answer 8

Alkylating Agent: rxn with water
Class: platinum analogs

Use: Ovarian, Testicular, Cervix, Bladder, Head & Neck, Lung

Side Effects: NOP. nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathies

Question 9

Carboplatin

Answer 9

Alkylating Agent: rxn with water
Class: platinum analog

Use: ovarian

Side Effects: none

Question 10

Oxaliplatin

Answer 10

Alkylating Agent: rxn with water
Class: platinum analog

Use: gastric + colorectal

Side Effects: sensory neuropathy (cold induced)