Ajudication Without Trial Flashcards
What is a TRO and a Preliminary Injunction?
TRO used to maintain status quo before hearing for Preliminary Injunction can be held
What’s the purpose of a TRO?
To preserve the status quo until a hearing for a preliminary injunction can be held
Can a TRO be issued “ex parte” and if so, how?
Yes; done only if:
1) Applicant files paper under oath showing that w/o TRO, she’ll suffer “immediate and irreparable harm”
2) Applicant’s lawyer certifies (in writing) her best efforts to give oral/written notice to other party or why notice not needed
What does “ex parte” mean?
Court does something without giving notice to other party
If court issues TRO, what must applicant do?
Post bond to cover other side’s costs and damages caused if it turns out TRO wrongfully issued
If the court issues a TRO, the order must be served on the D ______.
as soon as possible (generally not effective until notice received)
What is required of the TRO’s contents?
Must:
1) State its terms specifically
2) Describe in detail what D must do/refrain from
3) State why it was issued
4) State why threatened injury to P was irreparable
How long is a TRO effective for?
no more than 14 days unless otherwise stated by court (but note, can be extended to 28 days)
Is a TRO issuance immediately appealable?
No
Can the parties alter the TRO before it expires?
Yes…
Restrained party: may move to dissolve/modify before expiration
Applicant: if good cause shown, can add another 14 days
What is a preliminary injunction?
Maintains status quo until the court can ajudicate the underlying claim on the merits
Can a preliminary injunction be issued ex parte?
No
What burden is on PI applicant?
Applicant must show:
1) likely to suffer irreparable harm
2) likely to win underlying case on merits
3) balance of hardship favors her
4) Injunction is in the public interest
Is there a right to an injunction?
No, at court’s discretion
What must court do in granting or denying PI?
Make specific findings of fact and separate conclusions of law