AIS Ch. 4

Question 1

Database

Answer 1

A set of interrelated, centrally coordinated data files that are stored with as little data redundancy as possible.

Question 2

Database MGMT System (DBMS)

Answer 2

The program that manages and controls the data and the interfaces between the data and the application programs that use the data stored in the database.

Question 3

Database System

Answer 3

The data-base, DBMS, and the application programs that access the database through the DBMS.

Question 4

Database Administrator (DBA)

Answer 4

The person responsible for coordinating, controlling, and managing the database.

Question 5

Data Warehouse

Answer 5

Very large database containing detailed and summarized data for a number of years that are used for analysis rather than transaction processing.

Question 6

Business Intelligence

Answer 6

Analyzing large amounts of data for strategic decision making.

Question 7

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Answer 7

Using queries to investigate hypothesized relationships among data.

Question 8

Data Mining

Answer 8

Using sophisticated statistical analysis to “discover” un-hypothesized relationships in data.

Question 9

Record Layout

Answer 9

Document that shows the items stored in a file, including the order and length of the data fields and the type of data stored.

Question 10

Logical View

Answer 10

How people conceptually organize, view, and understand the relationships among data items.

Question 11

Physical View

Answer 11

The way data are physically arranged and stored in the computer system.

Question 12

Schema

Answer 12

A description of the data elements in a database the relationships among them, and the logical model used to organize and describe the data.

Question 13

Conceptual-level Schema

Answer 13

The organization-wide view of the entire database; also called a subschema.

Question 14

Subschema

Answer 14

A subset of the schema; the way the user defines the data and the data relationships.

Question 15

Internal-Level Schema

Answer 15

A low-level view of the entire database describing how the data are actually stored and accessed.

Question 16

Data Dictionary

Answer 16

Information about the structure of the database, including a description of each data element.

Question 17

Data Definition Language

Answer 17

DBMS language that builds the data dictionary, creates the database, describes logical views, and specifies record or field security constraints.

Question 18

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Answer 18

DBMS language that contains powerful, easy-to-use commands that enable users to retrieve, sort, order, and display data.

Question 19

Report Writer

Answer 19

DBMS language that simplifies report creation.

Question 20

Data Model

Answer 20

An abstract representation of database contents.

Question 21

Relational Data Model

Answer 21

A two-dimensional table representation of data; each row represents a unique entity (record) and each column is a field where record attributes are stored.

Question 22

Tuple

Answer 22

A row in a table that contains data about a specific item in a database table.

Question 23

Primary Key

Answer 23

Database attribute or combination of attributes, that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

Question 24

Foreign Key

Answer 24

An attribute in a table that is also a primary key in another table; used to link the two tables.

Question 25

Update Anomaly

Answer 25

Improper database organization where a non-primary key item is stored multiple times; updating the item in one location and not the others causes data inconsistencies.

Question 26

Insert Anomaly

Answer 26

Improper database organization that results in the inability to add records to a database.

Question 27

Delete Anomaly

Answer 27

Improper organization of a database that results in the loss of all information about an entity when a row is deleted.

Question 28

Relational Database

Answer 28

A database built using the relational data model.

Question 29

Entity Integrity Rule

Answer 29

A non-null primary key ensures that every row in a table represents something and that it can be identified.

Question 30

Referential Integrity Rule

Answer 30

Foreign keys which link rows in one table to rows in another table must have values that correspond to the value of a primary key in another table.

Question 31

Normalization

Answer 31

Following relational database creation rules to design a relational database that is free from delete, insert, and update anomalies.

Question 32

Semantic Data Modeling

Answer 32

Using knowledge of business processes and information needs to create a diagram that shows what to include in a fully normalized database.