Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NPS Kettering Workbook > Airway Management > Flashcards

Airway Management Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for OPA

A

Unconscious pt
Support base of tongue
Bite block
Facilitate oral sx
Facilitate bag/mask ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Indications for NPA

A

Conscious pt
Support base of tongue
Facilitate/decrease trauma in NT sx
Pierre robin syndrome
Following ENT surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How should the NPS respond if a child with an OPA begins to gag?

A

Remove, airway, suction, give oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How should the specialist prevent mucosal trauma while inserting NPA?

A

Water-soluble lube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How to determine correct size in OPA

A

Angle of jaw to corner of mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How to determine correct size of NPA

A

Earlobe to tip of nostril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe technique of inserting OPA

A

Insert upside down to back of throat then rotate to correct position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why are uncuffed tubes typically used in infants and children under 8 y/o?

A

Narrowest part of aw is the cricoid cartilage in infants, tube secures itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

5 indications for intubation

A

Maintain patent aw
Access for sx
Provide mechanical ventilation
Protect airway
Administer meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to pre-oxygenate neonates prior to intubation

A

Adjust FiO2 to maintain target SPO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How to pre-oxygenate peds prior to intubation

A

100% for 5 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Recommend medications for intubation

A

Sedatives: -lam, -pam
Neuromuscular blockade: succs, vec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Patient placement during intubation

A

Supine in sniffing position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Avoid _______ in positioning the head of neonates and infants during intubation

A

Hyper-extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Miller blade is preferred in what population?

A

Neonates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is indicated if the vocal cords are not easily visualized?

A

Cricoid pressure (sellick meneuver)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Uncuffed tube placement procedure

A

Vocal cord guide at level of vocal cords, halfway between vocal cords and carina (Middle third of trachea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cuffed tube placement procedure

A

Below vocal cords, 1-2cm above carina (middle third of trachea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Used to guide nasal intubation

A

Magill forceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How to confirm tube placement

A

Look, listen, capnograph/CO2 detector
Best: CXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How often should cuff pressure be measured

A

Every 8 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Methods for measuring cuff pressure

A

3-way stopcock, pressure manometer, cufflator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cuff pressure should not exceed

A

20 cmH20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

If the cuff pressure exceeds 20cmH20, the NPS should consider

A

A bigger tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Describe MLT
Slight leak during peak inspiration
26
When should the ETT be replaced?
Unable to pass sx catheter Cuff pressure >20 In uncuffed: ventilating pressure exceeds 20cmH20 without an air leak Unable to add air to cuff
27
Items required for intubation
Blade Correct size tube and one smaller Laryngoscope Bag
28
What should the NPS do if the laryngoscope light doesn’t work?
Tighten bulb Switch blade Check batteries
29
3 laryngoscope visualization devices
Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope Lighted stylets Video laryngoscope
30
Tube size/laryngoscope size: <1000g <28wk GA
2.5/miller 00
31
Tube size/laryngoscope size: 1000-2000g 28-34wk GA
3.0/miller 0
32
Tube size/laryngoscope size: 2000-3000g 34-38wk GA
3.5/miller 0
33
Tube size/laryngoscope size: >3000g >38wk GA
3.5-4.0/miller 1
34
Insert ETT to (cm): 23-24wks 500-600g
5.5
35
Insert ETT to (cm): 25-26wks 700-800g
6.0
36
Insert ETT to (cm): 27-29wks 900-1000g
6.5
37
Insert ETT to (cm): 30-32wks 1100-1400g
7.0
38
Insert ETT to (cm): 33-34wks 1500-1800g
7.5
39
Insert ETT to (cm): 35-37wks 1900-2400g
8.0
40
Insert ETT to (cm): 38-40wks 2500-3100g
8.5
41
Insert ETT to (cm): 41-43wks 3200-4200g
9.0
42
What types of tubes are typically used in children<= 8y/o
Uncuffed
43
What types of cuffs should pediatric pts have?
Low pressure, high volume floppy cuffs
44
Cuff pressure should not exceed
20cmH20
45
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 6mos
Miller 1, 3.5, 8Fr
46
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 1yr
Miller 1, 4.0, 8Fr
47
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 2yr
Miller 2, 4.5, 10Fr
48
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 4yr
Miller 2, 5.0, 10Fr
49
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 6yr
Miller 2, 5.5, 10Fr
50
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 8yr
Miller 2/mac 2, 6.0, 10Fr
51
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 10 yr
Miller 3/mac 3, 6.5, 12 Fr
52
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: 12 yr
Miller 3/mac 3, 7.0, 12 Fr
53
Laryngoscope blade, ETT size, and sx catheter size: >12yr
Miller/mac 3, 7.0-8.5, 12 Fr
54
Formula to calculate tube size
(Age + 16) / 4
55
Formula to calculate tube length/insertion depth
Tube size x 3
56
If ETT is too small:
Increased airway resistance Poor seal for ventilation, large leak
57
If ETT is too large:
Decreased perfusion to airway wall Necrosis/stenosis No air leak heard at high ventilating pressures (>30cmH20) Vocal cord damage
58
3 objectives for tube maintenance
Adequate humidity Suction to maintain patent aw Use MLT
59
Sudden deterioration of intubated child could be from
Displacement Obstruction Pneumothorax Equipment failure
60
Indications for LMA
Short term ventilation Difficult aw Aw management prior to hospitalization
61
Where in the pharynx should the LMA be placed
Above epiglottis
62
How should the NPS place the ETT when an LMA is present?
Through LMA lumen
63
What conditions indicate that the patient is ready for extubation
Stable ventilation and oxygenation Hemodynamically stable Adequate SBT Minimal vent settings Able to protect airway Positive leak
64
At what point in the respiratory cycle should the ETT be removed
On inspiration
65
What to do if severe respiratory distress and/or marked inspiratory strider occurs post-extubation?
Reintubate
66
What to do if moderate distress/stridor occurs post-extubation
Give oxygen Cool mist aerosol/racemic Steroids/heliox
67
What to do if mild distress/stridor occurs post-extubation
Provide humidity/oxygen as necessary
68
Strategies to prevent VAP
Handwashing Oral care HOB 30-45 degrees Minimize intubation time (daily SBT/NIV) Gentle suctioning Vent circuit care (in-line sx, drain, etc) MDI Hi-lo
69
3 indications for tracheotomy
Long-term intubation Upper airway obstruction prevents intubation Ongoing need for pulmonary hygiene
70
5 advantages of tracheostomy
Easier to stabilize, suction, tolerate Pt can eat Pt can talk Provides for long-term ventilation Fewer hazards/less airway resistance than ETT
71
Immediate complications of trach
Bleeding Pneumo Air embolism SubQ Inadvertent decan
72
Later complications of trach
Infection Hemorrhage Obstruction TE Fistula Accidental decan
73
Advantage of fenestrated trach
Weaning, speaking
74
When should a tracheal button be recommended?
Maintain stoma
75
When should a trach tube be changed out?
1 week post op Every 1-2 weeks
76
When the trach tube cuff should be inflated
During eating On PPV Low Vte alarm
77
Factors increasing risk of unplanned extubation/decan
Improperly secured Misplaced ETT Lack of adequate sedation Lack of restraints Procedures
78
Equipment readily available for re-insertion of tube
Manual bag/mask Oxygen Sx Laryngoscope Replacement tube (same size and one smaller)
79
Conditions that may increase the difficulty of endotracheal intubation
Craniofacial syndromes Orofacial trauma Airway infections (epiglottitis) LT stenosis/obstruction
80
3 methods to managing difficult airway
LMA Flexible fiberoptic intubation Laryngoscope visualization devicesh
81
How many attempts allowed for intubation?
3
82
ETT insertion procedures requiring physician
Retrograde intubation Cricothyrotomy Emergency trach
83
3 purposes of suctioning
Maintain patent aw Stimulate cough Specimen collection
84
Four indications for suctioning
Accumulated secretions Obstructed airway Depressed cough Inability to swallow
85
Mos common hazard of suctioning
Trauma to mucosa
86
Most severe hazard of suctioning
Bradycardia
87
When is the catheter advanced during NT suctioning?
During inspiration
88
When suctioning mouth and nose, which comes first?
Mouth
89
What FiO2 should be used when suctioning neonates? Peds?
Increase by 10-20% 100% for 1-2 minutes
90
Vacuum pressure range for neo and peds
60-80mmHg 80-100mmHg
91
Vacuum pressure should be measure with tubing ____
Occluded
92
What happens to the vacuums pressure when the suction collection bottle is full?
Shuts off
93
Formula to determine catheter size
(ID of tube/2) x 3
94
How many openings should there be on standard suction catheter?
2
95
Purpose of the coude catheter
Angled to help suction left mainstem
96
Indications for closed/in-line catheters
High oxygen/PEEP Infection Frequent suctioning Reduce VAP Hemodynamic instability
97
Time limit for sx catheter in aw
10 sec
98
Time limit for sx applied
5 sec
99
Purpose of bulb suction device
Safest way to clear oropharynx
100
Purpose of oral suction device
Suction mouth and throat
101
Vacuum pressure for meconium aspirtator
80-100

NPS Kettering Workbook (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions