Airway Anatomy and Management (plus Complications) Flashcards
CricoThyroid
“Cords Tense” (elongates)
ThyroaRytenoid
“They Relax” (shortens)
Posterior CricoArytenoid
“Please Come Apart”
-solely responsible for opening vocal cords
Lateral CricoArytenoid
“Lets Close the Airway”
The RLN innervates all of the intrinsic muscles EXCEPT the ___________.
cricothyroid muscle
(innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve)
Laryngeal muscle chart
3 branches of the Trigeminal Nerve (C5)
V1 (ophthalmic)- nares and anterior 1/3 of nasal septum,
V2 (maxillary)- turbinates and nasal septum,
V3 (mandibular)- anterior 2/3 of tongue (somatic
The _______ nerve gives rise to the _______ and the _______.
Vagus
SLN and RLN
The ______ branch of the __________ innervates the _________ muscle.
External
SLN
cricothyroid
Adult larynx lies anterior to ________.
C3-C6
Picture of the airway
Complicatons of laryngospasm
Complications: airway obstruction, negative pressure pulmonary edema, pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents, cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and death.
Signs and Symptoms of Laryngospasm
S&S: inspiratory stridor, suprasternal & supraclavicular retraction during inspiration, “rocking horse” appearance of the chest wall, increased diaphragmatic excursion, lower rib flailing, absent or altered EtCO2 waveform
Causes of Laryngospasm
Causes: airway manipulation, airway secretions, surgery in the airway, active or recent respiratory tract infection (less than 2 weeks), age < 1 y.o
Treatment of Laryngospasm
Tx: 100% fio2, remove stimuli, deepen anesthesia, Larson’s maneuver, CPAP 15-20cmH2O, Succs ( adult and child IV .1-1mg/kg, IM 4mg/kg, Neonate and infant IV 2mg/kg, IM 5mg/kg) ***give .02mg/kg of atropine with succs in children less than 5 y.o
Laryngeal Assessment ( Cormack and Lehane score)
Difficult airway conditions
Sniffing position
LMA size guide chart
Pros and Cons of Awake vs Deep extubation
