Airspace Flashcards
What are the two main catagories of airspace within a FIR?
Controlled and Uncontrolled
What does the classification of airspace affect?
The flight rules that apply and the minimum services which are provided
What are the 4 classes of controlled airspace within the UK?
A
C
D
E
What is the 1 class of uncontrolled airspace within the UK?
G
What is the purpose of controlled airspace?
To protect the users of that airspace
What is required for an aircraft to enter controlled airspace?
The aircraft must be equipped to a certain standard, the pilots must hold the necessary qualifications, and the pilot must obtain clearance from Air Traffic Control to enter such space.
What must pilots do within controlled airspace?
Follow Air Traffic Control instructions implicitly, except in emergency situations.
Define Class A airspace?
Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) only!
Class A is the most strictly regulated airspace, mainly used by airlines and business jets. Compliance with ATC instruction is mandatory.
Define Class C airspace?
Both Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) and Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operate.
Extends from FL195 (19,500ft) to FL660 (66,000ft) and requires clearance to enter the airspace. Compliance with ATC instruction is mandatory.
Define Class D airspace?
Both Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) and Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operate.
Control areas around aerodromes are class D, within which a speed limit of 250 knots applies to aircraft below FL100 (10,000ft).
Compliance with ATC instruction is mandatory.
Define Class E airspace?
Both Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) and Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operate.
IFR traffic requires an ATC clearance is needed and compliance with ATC instructions is mandatory for separation purposes. VFR traffic does not require a clearance to enter class E airspace.
Define Class G airspace?
Aircraft may fly when and where they like, subject to simple rules. Although not legally required, many pilots notify ATC of their presence and intentions, and may ask for help but are responsible for their own safety.
The following services are available:
- Deconfliction service
- Traffic service
- Basic service
- Alerting service
- Procedural Service
What is an Alerting Service?
Notifies appropriate organisations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assit where required.
What is a Procedural Service?
A non-radar based service in which deconfliction advice is provided against other aircraft recieving a procedural service from the same controller.
Name the types of controlled airspace (not their class)?
Aerodrome Control Zones
Control Areas
Airways
Upper Air Routes (UAR)
What is an Aerodrome Control Zone?
An area of control airspace which provides protection to aircraft within the immediate vicinity of an aerodrome.
What is a Control Area/Terminal Control Area?
Situated above Aerodrome Traffic Zones (ATZ), these give protection to a wider area up to a specified upper limit. These are established at the junction of airways in the vicinity of one or more major aerodrome. London Terminal Control Area is an example of this.
What is an Airway?
An airway is a corridor of airspace connecting Terminal Control Areas and linking up with the airways of other countries. Airways are normally 10 miles wide, and range from 5,000-7,000ft up to a height of FL245 (24,500ft).
What is an Upper Air Route (UAR)?
Sit above airways, their vertical limits are usually FL250 (25,000ft) up to FL460 (46,000ft). Civil and Military aircraft operating above FL245 (24,500ft) are subject to full and mandatory Air Traffic Control service.
What restricted airspace sits directly above an aerodrome?
Aerodrome Control Zone
What restricted airspace sits directly above an Aerodrome Control Zone?
A Terminal Control Area
What restricted airspace connects Terminal Control Areas and other countries?
Airways
What restricted airspace sits above Airways?
Upper Air Routes (UARs)
