Airframe

Question 1

What is the purpose of a vortex generator

Answer 1

Designed to promote smooth, non-turbulent air over the wing.

Question 2

What are three axes of an airplane?

Answer 2

Longitudinal, lateral and vertical.

Question 3

Three primary flight controls.

Answer 3

Rudder, aileron and elevator

Question 4

What are several secondary flight controls and their purpose

Answer 4

Spring tabs, servo tabs, anti-servo tabs, balance tabs. Used to assist the pilot in moving the controls and to trim the aircraft to fly hands-off.

Question 5

Name several auxiliary flight controls and describe their general purpose.

Answer 5

Flaps, slats, slots. Used for high lift low speed applications.

Question 6

What is a servo trim tab?

Answer 6

Assists or provides the force for moving a primary flight control

Question 7

What is a spring tab?

Answer 7

Aids the movement of a primary control at high speeds.

Question 8

What is a balance trim tab?

Answer 8

Designed to create aerodynamic forces to assist in moving a control surface. Balance tabs are attached to the control surface linkage.

Question 9

Four most common high lift devices.

Answer 9

Flaps, slats, slots, and leading edge flaps.

Question 10

Describe some of the tools used to check control surface travel.

Answer 10

A universal propeller protractor or special control surface protractor

Question 11

Name three mechanical methods by which flight controls are actuated

Answer 11

1. Cables and pulleys
2. Pushrods
3. Torque tubes

Question 12

What is a fairlead?

Answer 12

A device to prevent a cable from rubbing on the aircraft structure.

Question 13

What are the most likely places for a control cable to wear or break.

Answer 13

Through fairlead or pulleys.

Question 14

What information is required before a cable rigging chart can be used.

Answer 14

Cable size and temperature.

Question 15

How is the amount of thrust produced by the tail rotor controlled?

Answer 15

The foot pedals.

Question 16

Name several methods for forming sheet metal

Answer 16

Bending or folding, stretching, shrinking, bumping and crimping

Question 17

What are the dimensions of a properly formed rivet head.

Answer 17

The head should be 1.5 times the shank diameter in width and 0.5x the shank diameter in height.

Question 18

Describe the markings found on the heads of A, B, D, AD and DD rivers.

Answer 18

A - plain
B - cross
D - raised dot
AD - dimple
DD - double dash

Question 19

Name at-least three types of self plugging mechanical lock rivets.

Answer 19

1. Cherry MAX
2. cherry LOCK
3. OLYMPIC LOCK
4. HuckLok

Question 20

What is the difference between the tools required to pull a CherryLOCK river and a CherryMAX rivet?

Answer 20

CherryLOCK rivets require a specific tool for each size. Cherry MAX only needs one tool for any size rivet.

Question 21

If 2024 rivet must be replaced with a 2117 rivet, how do you determine the size to be used?

Answer 21

For 5/32” or smaller diameter, use the next larger size 2117 rivet.

Question 22

How can a mechanic determine whether the countersink for a flush rivet should be dimpled or drilled?

Answer 22

By the thickness of the top sheet; thin sheets are dimpled while thick sheets may be countersunk.

Question 23

What action is taken to prevent cracks from forming while dimpling magnesium or some hard sheet metals.

Answer 23

Heat the material to soften the metal prior to dimpling.

Question 24

What type of damage can occur when using a rivet set that does not properly fit the rivet?

Answer 24

If the set is too small it can damage the rivet head. If it’s too large it can damage the sheet metal.

Question 25

Why is it important to use a proper size bucking bar.

Answer 25

Too large a bucking bar can be difficult to control. Too small won’t provide enough force to pound the rivet

Question 26

What is done to a corner where two bends intersect to prevent cracking?

Answer 26

Relief holes are drilled in the corner.

Question 27

What are the two reasons for installing a lightening hole in a sheet metal wing rib.

Answer 27

Increase stiffness and reducing weight.

Question 28

Describe a joggle and explain its function

Answer 28

A joggle is an offset formed at an intersection of two or more sheets of metal. This allows the sheets to be stacked flat against each other.

Question 29

What are three forms of woods commonly used in aircraft construction.

Answer 29

Solid, laminated and plywood

Question 30

What type of wood should be used when splicing or reinforcing plywood webs.

Answer 30

The same type of plywood as originally used.

Question 31

Name atleast four different types of defects found in wood.

Answer 31

1. Decay 2. Cracks 3. Dry rot 4. Knots 5. Cross grain 6. Curly grain

Question 32

What type of glue may have been used in older wooden aircraft construction that requires careful inspection to detect deterioration?

Answer 32

Casein glue

Question 33

What are three types of glues used in modern aircraft construction and repair?

Answer 33

Epoxy resin glue, resorcinol glue, and phenol-formaldehyde glue

Question 34

Is compression wood acceptable for structural repairs.

Answer 34

NO

Question 35

Why is it important to consider open-assembly time when gluing wooden structures?

Answer 35

The joint will fail if the open-assembly time is exceeded.

Question 36

Why is it important to apply proper clamping pressure to a glue joint?

Answer 36

Clamping forces air out the joint, brings the wood surfaces together evenly and is, in part, responsible for the strength of the glue line.

Question 37

Describe some of the methods used to apply pressure to glue joints.

Answer 37

Clamps, nailing straps, brads, nails, small screws, power presses

Question 38

What minimum curing temp should be observed when joining wood with various adhesives?

Answer 38

70F

Question 39

What type of joint is used to splice a solid or rectangular wood spar?

Answer 39

A scarf joint.

Question 40

In what areas are splices to a wood spar prohibited?

Answer 40

Under an attachment fitting for the wing root, landing gear, engine-mount, lift or inter plane strut.

Question 41

What is the maximum number of splices allowed for a single spar.

Answer 41

Two.

Question 42

Describe a scarf joint.

Answer 42

Two pieces to be joined are are tapered on a slope of 1-10 or 1-12.

Question 43

What are two primary uses for plywood in aircraft construction.

Answer 43

Gusset plates and aircraft skin.

Question 44

Provide examples of at-least three plywood skin repairs.

Answer 44

Splayed patches, surface patches, plug patches and scarfed patches.

Question 45

What type of patch should be used to repair small holes in thin plywood skin if the skin is 1/19th inch thick?

Answer 45

A splayed patch may be used if the hole can be cleared out to a diameter of less than 15 thicknesses of the skin.

Question 46

What should be done to prevent a plywood patch and the pressure plate from sticking together if glue is extruded from the joint?

Answer 46

Place a piece of wax paper between the patch and pressure plate.

Question 47

Why are lightweight steel bushings sometimes used in wooden structures.

Answer 47

Bushings prevent the wood from being crushed when bolts are tightened.

Question 48

Name several facings and core materials used in bonded honeycomb structures intended for special applications.

Answer 48

Stainless steel, titanium, magnesium, plywood, glass, nylon and cotton cloth

Question 49

Describe the construction of a bonded honeycomb structure.

Answer 49

It is a laminated structure that has solid facing bonded to either side of a core consisting of a six sided cells.

Question 50

What must be done with a damaged area in a bonded honeycomb prior to beginning repairs.

Answer 50

The damaged area needs to be removed.

Question 51

A drill bit used for drilling composites should be operated at approximately what speed.

Answer 51

Up to 20,000 rpm.

Question 52

What are common causes of delamination?

Answer 52

Sonic vibration, internal moisture expansion, manufacturing error.

Question 53

Name some factors that cause crazing in transparent plastic windshields.

Answer 53

UV light exposure, stress, solvents, improper handling.

Question 54

How should a hole be drilled in plexiglass to avoid damage to the home when the drill breaks.

Answer 54

Back up the plastic with a piece of wood and feed the drill slowly.

Question 55

What materials form the bases of the three types of hydraulic fluids.

Answer 55

Vegetable, phosphate-ester, and mineral.

Question 56

What are the results of exposing lacquers, oil based paint, plastic resins and vinyl compounds to phosphate ester based hydraulic fluid?

Answer 56

The materials will be damaged and/or softened. The paint will peel.

Question 57

Name several sources used to develop hydraulic pressure.

Answer 57

Hand pumps, engine driven pumps, and electrically driven pumps.

Question 58

Describe several methods of pressurizing a hydraulic reservoir.

Answer 58

Engine bleed air, system pressure acting on a small piston in the reservoir, variable displacement hydraulic pumps.

Question 59

Engine driven pumps deliver the output fluid flow in what two forms?

Answer 59

Constant volume or variable volume.

Question 60

What are three different types of accumulators.

Answer 60

Piston, diaphragm and bladder.

Question 62

What are the three requirements for a repair to a piece of sheet metal structure.

Answer 62

The repair must restore the lost strength and rigidity, and it must not change the aerodynamic shape of the part

Question 63

When making a riveted repair to an aircraft sheet metal structure, which would be the stronger, the shear strength of the rivet, or the bearing strength of the metal sheet?

Answer 63

As close as possible in strength to each other, but the bearing strength of the sheet should be greater.

Question 64

Why is TIG (GTA) welding preferred over oxyacetylene welding for building and repairing welded steel tube structure?

Answer 64

The heat is concentrated in the weld and does not cause as much distortion as gas welding.

Question 66

Name several types of brake actuating systems.

Answer 66

Independent master cylinders, boosted brakes, and power-controlled brakes.

Question 67

How does a takeoff configuration warning differ from a landing gear warning?

Answer 67

Takeoff horn is intermittent, landing gear horn is constant

Question 68

What aircraft instrument can be used to check a manifold pressure gauge for proper indication.

Answer 68

The sensitive altimeter.

Question 69

Name several of the indication errors that may be found in altimeters

Answer 69

Scale errors, hysteresis, friction, installation.

Question 70

What are three sources of power used to drive a gyroscopic turn indicator.

Answer 70

Air from a vacuum or pressure source, or an electric motor.

Question 71

Describe the basic operating concept of a synchro-type remote indicating system.

Answer 71

A remote transmitter electrically signals a receiver inside the instrument.

Question 72

What should be used to purge an oxygen system of moisture?

Answer 72

Oxygen, dry air, or dry nitrogen.