aircraft systen M1 Flashcards
It is designed to provide an uninterrupted flow of clean fuel
from the fuel tanks to the engine
Fuel System
The fuel must be available to the engine under all conditions of the engine
power, altitude, attitude, and during all approved flight maneuvers
Fuel System
Two common classifications apply to fuel systems in small aircraft ( classification of fuel system )
Gravity Feed System
Fuel Pump System
It utilizes the force of
gravity to transfer the fuel from the tanks to
the engine.
Gravity Feed System
No need for pump
Gravity feed system
Used mostly in high wing aircraft.
Gravity feed system
Aircraft with _________ have two fuel pumps.
Fuel Pump System
The __________is engine driven with an
electrically driven auxiliary pump provided for use in
engine starting and in the event the engine pump fails
main pump system
The ___________, also known as a boost pump,
provides added reliability to the fuel system.
auxiliary pump
The
electrically-driven auxiliary pump is controlled by a ________ in the___________.
switch, flight deck
Used mostly in low wing aircrafts.
fuel pump system
Fuel System Components
- Fuel Primer
- Fuel Tanks
- Fuel Lines
- Fuel Gauges
- Fuel Selector valve
- Fuel Strainers, Sumps, and drains
It is used to draw fuel from the tanks to vaporize fuel directly
into the cylinders before starting the engine
Fuel Primer
Both gravity-feed and fuel-pump systems may incorporate a _______ into
the system.
fuel primer
During cold weather, when engines are difficult to start, how will the fuel primer help
because during cold weathers there is not enough heat available to vaporize the fuel in the
carburetor
normally located inside the wings of an airplane, have a filler
opening on top of the wing through which they can be filled.
fuel tanks
A ____ covers fuel tanks
opening
filler cap
What remains the same in every fuel system, is that the fuel tank (or tanks) must be
ideally positioned to store and deliver clean fuel to the engine at the correct pressure
and flow rate regardless of operating conditions
The tanks are ___ _ _ ______ to maintain ______ inside the
tank.
vented to the outside; atmospheric pressure inside the
tank
The fuel tanks may be ____ through the filler cap or through a ______
through the surface of the wing.
vented: tube extending
It provides the means to deliver fuel from the fuel tank to an aircraft’s
engine, making maintenance and repair of this aircraft fuel system
component essential.
fuel lines
It needs to be securely attached to the aircraft with clamps and is
manufactured from aluminum alloy tubing, and from rubber or Teflon hose
where flexibility is required. In areas where it will be exposed to
intense heat, the fire-resistant hose is used.
fuel lines
The _____ indicate the amount of fuel measured by a sensing
unit in each fuel tank and is displayed in gallons or pounds.
fuel quantity gauges/ fuel gauge
If a fuel pump is installed in the fuel system, a _________ is also
included. This gauge indicates the pressure in the fuel lines.
fuel pressure gauge
Aircraft certification rules require accuracy in fuel gauges only when they
read
empty
Aircraft are an integral component of an aircraft fuel system,
which enables fuel to be loaded, stored, managed, and delivered to the
engine
fuel pumps
It delivers a continuous supply of fuel at the proper
pressure during engine operation.
Engine-driven fuel pumps
- the auxiliary fuel pump
Electric- driven fuel pump
-Electric- driven fuel pump
- the auxiliary fuel pump
It allows selection of fuel from various tanks
Fuel selector valve
A common type of selector valve contains four positions
LEFT. RIGHT, BOTH, OFF
Fuel selector valve-
Selecting the ____________ position allows fuel to feed only from the
respective tank
LEFT or RIGHT
Fuel selector valve-
Selecting the ___ position feeds fuel from both
tanks
BOTH
Fuel selector valve -
The ________ position may be used to balance the amount of
fuel remaining in each wing tank
LEFT or RIGHT
Regardless of the type of fuel selector in use, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ should be monitored closely to ensure that a the tank does not run completely out of fuel.
fuel consumption
After leaving the fuel tank and before it enters the carburetor, the fuel passes
through a ______ that removes any moisture and other sediments in the
system.
strainer
After leaving the fuel tank and before it enters the carburetor, the fuel passes
through a ______ that removes any moisture and other sediments in the
system.
strainer
Since these contaminants are heavier than aviation fuel, they settle in a ___ at the bottom of the strainer assembly.
It is a low point in a fuel system and/or fuel tank.
sump
The fuel strainer should be ______ before each flight.
• Fuel samples should be drained and checked visually for water and
contaminant
drained
is identified by an octane or performance number (grade), which
designates the antiknock value or knock resistance of the fuel mixture in the engine cylinder
aviation gasaoline . AVGAS
The higher the grade of gasoline….
the more pressure the fuel can withstand without
detonating
This kind of fuel are used in lower-compression engines because these fuels ignite at a
lower temperature.
Lower grades of fuel
This kind of fuel is used in higher-compression engines because they ignite at higher
temperatures, but not prematurely.
higher grades
If the proper grade of fuel is not available, use the next ______ grade as a substitute. Never
use a grade ____ than recommended
higher ; lower
Fuel contamination due to condensation
Empty space inside the fuel tanks can contain moisture that condenses
when the outside air temperature cools.
What is detonation?
Uncontrolled spontaneous explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture in the
combustion chamber.
Use of the lower fuel grade than that specified by the aircraft manufacturer.
- Operation of the engine with extremely high manifold pressure in conjunction with
low rpm.
cause of detonation
Operation of the engine at high power settings with the excessively lean mixture
- Maintaining extended ground operations or steep climbs in which the cylinder
cooling is reduced.
cause of detonation
Fuel related problems
Pre Ignition, Detonation, Fuel Contamination due to condensation
When the fuel/air mixture ignites prior to the engines normal ignition event
pre-ignition
- Premature burning is usually caused by a residual hot spot in the combustion
chamber, often created by a small deposit on a spark plug. - Using lower than prescribed octane rating
causes of pre ignition
It is the principal fuel contaminant
WATER
As a safety measure, the fuel sumps should be drained
________ during the preflight inspection
before every flight
Why should fuel tanks be filled after each flight or after the last flight of the day?
to prevent moisture condensation within the tank. To prevent fuel
contamination, avoid refueling from cans and drums
