Aircraft Operations Flashcards
While recovering from an unusual flight attitude without the aid of the attitude indicator, approximate level pitch attitude is reached when the
Airspeed and altimeter stop their movement and the VSI reverses its trend
Conditions that determine the pitch attitude required to maintain level flight are
airspeed, air density, wing design, and angle of attack
What is the correct sequence for recovering from a spiraling, nose low, increasing airspeed flight attitude?
Reduce power, correct the bank attitude, and raise the nose to a level attitude
How many degrees is all red on a PAPI? All white?
If you are viewing all red, the aircraft is less than 2.5 degrees; all white means aircraft is more than 3.5 degrees
When airspeed is decreased in a turn, what must be done to maintain level flight?
Decrease the angle of the bank and/or increase the pitch attitude
What determines how icing is reported on a PIREP?
Rate of accumulation
What effect would you expect from an airliner’s vortices?
The upwind vortex would tend to remain over the runway
What statement is true regarding icing?
Small patches of ice sparsely distributed along the upper surface of the wing can cause asymmetric rolling moments on takeoff
The most susceptible surface of the aircraft for ice accumulation is the
Tailplane
What force causes an airplane to turn?
Horizontal lift component
What is the best way to check your aircraft for the accumulation of ice?
Use a flashlight and watch for light reflection
What altitude is the normal upper limit for Class D airspace?
2,500 feet AGL
What is the floor of Class E airspace when designated in conjunction with an airway?
1,200 feet AGL
Mandatory instruction signs are
Red with a white inscription
When an aircraft is accelerated, some attitude indicators may incorrectly precess and indicate a
Climb
What should a pilot do if the aircraft’s transponder fails within Class D airspace?
No deviation is required because a transponder is not required in Class D airspace
What is the most likely reason for the buffeting or vibrations after extending the flaps during or exiting icing conditions?
Incipient tailplane stall
During a constant bank level turn, what effect an increase in airspeed have on the rate and radius of the turn?
Rate of turn would decrease, and the radius of the turn would increase
What are the 3 fundamental skills of attitude instrument flying?
- Cross check
- Instrument interpretation
- Aircraft control
What is the minimum visibility and distance from the clouds for flight at 10,500 with a VFR on Top clearance during daylight hours (Class E airspace)?
5 SM, 1,000 feet above, 1,000 feet below, and 1 SM horizontal
What is true with regards to icing?
Heavy icing on the leading edge is not as bad as light icing on the upper surface
What is the floor of Class E airspace when designated in conjunction with an airport that has an approved IAP?
700 feet AGL
What are the normal lateral limits for Class D airspace?
4 NM
Magnetic Compass Error
When on an east or west heading, no error is apparent while entering a turn to the north or south; however, an increase in airspeed will use the compass to indicate a turn towards the north; while a decrease in speed will indicate a turn towards the south.
If on a northerly heading and a turn is made to the east or west, the initial indication will lag or indicate a turn in the opposite direction. This lag will diminish as progress is made towards the east or west where there is no error
What wind condition prolongs the hazards of wake turbulence on a landing runway for the longest period of time?
A light quartering tailwind
Oxygen Requirements
Pilots: All flight time at and above 14,001 and anything at 12,501 over 30 minutes
Passengers: 15,001 and above
What are 3 ways to prevent ice from causing a hazard?
- Spray a solution on the aircraft before takeoff
- A deicing system on the aircraft
- An anti-icing system on the aircraft
What colors are runway holding position signs?
A red background with white lettering
What is the recommended climb procedure when a nonradar departure control instructs a pilot to climb to the assigned altitude?
Maintain an optimum climb on the centerline of the airway without intermediate level-offs until 1,000 feet below the assigned altitude, then climb between 500 to 1,500 fpm
The “sterile cockpit” rule is good practice because
It greatly reduces distractions during critical phases of flight
If a pilot elects to proceed to the selected alternate, the landing minimums used at the airport should be
The minimums specified for the approach procedure selected
Wake turbulence is near a maximum behind a jet transport just after takeoff because
Of the high angle of attack and high gross weight
When flying through stratiform clouds, the best way to alleviate icing is by
changing altitude to one with above-freezing temps or where the temperature is colder than -10° C
When flying a 3° glide slope, a constant tailwind shears to winds being calm. Which conditions should the pilot expect?
Airspeed and pitch attitude increase and there is a tendency to go above the glide slope
Test data indicates that ice, snow or frost having a thickness and roughness similar to course sandpaper on the leading edge or upper surface of an airfoil can
Reduce lift by as much as 30% and increase drag by as much as 40%
Which runway marking indicates a displaced threshold on an instrument runway?
Arrows leading to the threshold mark
What happens to residual ice that remains after deice boots are inflated and have shed ice?
Residual ice increases with a decrease in airspeed or temperature
What is the max IAS allowed in a holding pattern?
At or below 6,000 feet: 200 knots
6,001 feet to 14,000 feet: 230 knots
14,001 feet and above: 265 knots
What should pilots do if icing is detected while also experiencing a rolling condition?
Set power and angle of attack for a controlled descent
Which type of runway lighting consists of a pair of synchronized flashing lights, one on each side of the runway threshold?
Runway End Identifier Lights or a REIL system
Tailplane icing can be detected by a
Sudden nose-down uncommanded pitch
During normal coordinated turns, what error due to precession should you observe when rolling out to straight and level flight from a 180° steep turn to the right?
The miniature aircraft would show a slight turn indication to the left
What is generally the maximum altitude for Class B airspace?
10,000 feet
