AIRCRAFT BASIC CONSTRUCTION AND FLIGHT PRINCIPLES Flashcards
Aircraft Categories
Lighther than air
Airplane
Rotacraft
Glider
Airplane has 4 engine types
Single engine land
Single engine sea
Multi-engine land
Multi-engine sea
What are the major components of an airplane?
Empennage
Fuselage
Wings
Powerplant
Landing Gear
Position of wing
High wing
Mid wing
Low wing
Gull wing
Dihedral wing
Inverted gull wing
What are the wing shapes?
Rectangle
Swift
Tapered
Delta
Slight sweepback
Moderate sweepback
Great sweepback
Forward Sweep
Simple delta
Complex delta
Variable swept
What are the wing number?
Monoplane
Biplane
Triplane
What are the wing structure?
Noncantilever wing with external support
Cantilever wing with no external support
What are the wing internal structure?
Wing flap
spar
aileron
wing tip
stringers
ribs
skin
fuel tank
What are the wing construction?
Monospar
Multispar
Box beam
What are the wing spars?
Wood
Metal
What are the wing skin?
wood
metal
Types of fuselage
Truss type
Monocoque
Semi-monoque
Older types of aircraft design utilized an open ______ structure constructed of wood, steel, or aluminum tubing.
Truss type
________ fuselage relies largely on the strength of the skin or covering to carry the primary loads
monocoque
It also consists of frame assemblies, bulkheads, and formers as used in the monocoque design but, additionally, the skin is reinforced by longitudinal members called longerons.
semi-monocoque
What are the engine position?
on the wings
on the wing pylons
close to fuselage
rear mounted
tractor
pusher
What are the engine number?
Single engine
twin engine
triple engine
four or multiple-engine
What are the engine types?
Piston/propeller
Turboprop (propeller Turbine)
Jet
Turbofan
What is Composed of the Vertical Stabilizer and Horizontal Stabilizer?
Empennage or Tail section
Empennage arrangement
Conventional
Twin vertical Stabilizers
Triple vertical stabilizer
V-tail (Butterfly)
Types of landing gears
Floaters/hull
Wheels
What are the landing gear arrangement?
Tail wheel type
tandem
tricycle
For tractor type. The main gear is located forward of the center of gravity, causing the tail to require support from a third-wheel assembly.
Tail Wheel Type Landing Gear (Conventional Landing Gear)
the main gear and tail gear aligned on the longitudinal axis of the aircraft.
Tandem Landing Gear
The most used landing gear arrangement is the ______. It is comprised of main gear and nose gear.
Tricycle Landing Gear
Landing gear construction
Fixed
Retractable
Fixed landing gear (Non-Shock Absorbing Landing Gear)
Leaf Type Spring Gear
Rigid
Bungee Cord
Fixed and Retractable
Shock Struts
Special landing gear: wheel
Rough field
Soft field
What are the basic flight principles?
Lift
Weight
Drag
Thrust
the force which opposes the force of gravity (or weight).
lift
the _______ acts vertically downward from the center of gravity (CG) of the airplane.
weight
the force that opposes the forward motion of an airplane. Specifically, drag is a retarding force acting upon a body in motion through a fluid, parallel to the direction of motion of a body.
Drag
defined as the forward direction pushing or pulling force developed by an aircraft engine.
thrust
