Air Induction And Exhaust Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is central purpose of an air induction system?

A

Supply the engine with an ample supply of cool, clean air for combustion

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2
Q

An air induction can be composed of what parts?

A

Air cleaner(s), Pre-cleaner(s), Air filter(s), Dust ejection system(s), restriction indicator, filter housing(s), Inlet tubing, Clamp, Hoses, Cold/hot air intake systems, Manifold(s) and gaskets, Shutdown devices

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3
Q

What are the main functions of the air induction system?

A

Cleans the air supply, Silences the inlet airflow, Provides air for combustion, Cools air, it allows extra airflow when blowers and turbo’s are used.

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4
Q

Maximum engine performance occurs when air is less then?

A

33 C

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5
Q

2 stroke engines are considered to be:

A

Naturally aspirated, unless equipped with turbo

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6
Q

Engines without a turbocharger are considered to be?

A

Naturally aspirated

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7
Q

What factor can limit the volumetric efficiency of a engine?

A

Engine operating speed, Air humidity, Air temperature, Altitude, Liner and ring condition, Valve adjustment and cam condition, Air filter and inlet tubing condition

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8
Q

Naturally aspirated engines may have a volumetric efficiency of?

A

75-85%

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9
Q

Pre cleaners may be able to remove what percentage of large particles?

A

80%

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10
Q

What is called when exhaust gases cause the dust ejectors to dump?

A

Exhaust gas aspirator

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11
Q

What are the two types of air filter assemblies?

A

Wet or Oil bath

Dry type

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12
Q

How effective are each of the different types of air filter assemblies ?

A

Oil bath - up to 98.5%

Dry type - up to 99.5%

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13
Q

Dry filters are commonly constructed of what?

A

Pleated paper

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14
Q

Screw on constant torque clamp must extend how far?

A

1/4”

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15
Q

Seals and gaskets should:

A

Be replaced when components are disconnected

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16
Q

Air shutdown devices should only be used when?

A

In a emergency situation

17
Q

Air shutdown devices should be inspected on a regular basis for?

A

Condition and freedom of movement

18
Q

Components used in an exhaust system can include?

A

Manifolds and gaskets, Piping, Mufflers, Catalytic converters, particulate traps, Heat shields, Spark arrestors

19
Q

When an exhaust system is routed past a cab or sleeper:

A

Components must be secure, leak free, quiet and not create vibrations

20
Q

Exhaust manifolds are commonly constructed of what?

A

Cast iron

21
Q

Straight through muffler

A

Allows exhaust gases to pass directly through a central tube in the muffler

22
Q

Reverse flow muffler

A

Cause the exhaust gases to change direction as they pass through the inside of the muffler

23
Q

Mufflers are typically constructed of?

A

Mild steel although stainless is becoming more common

24
Q

Exhaust stack

A

is the point at which the exhaust gases leave the exhaust system

25
Q

Stacks can sometimes have what? what is purpose?

A

Rain cap. Keep water and other contaminates out of the exhaust system

26
Q

80% of cylinder wear related to contaminated air can be prevented by?

A

An effective pre-cleaner

27
Q

When ideal combustion does not occur exhaust gases can include?

A

Carbon monoxide, Unburned fuel, Oxides of nitrogen, Carbon

28
Q

12 ounces of dirt has the ability to?

A

Destroy an engine

29
Q

Loose, missing or incorrect fasteners on an exhaust system are likely to cause?

A

Leakage problems

30
Q

A faulty induction or exhaust system can cause what 3 major problems?

A

Lack of power
Black smoke
Premature engine wear

31
Q

Blue smokes tends to indicate what?

A

Oil is being burnt

32
Q

Incomplete combustion is generally the result of what?

A

Incomplete combustion

33
Q

What is the purpose of a pre-cleaner

A

Remove large dirt and dust particles from the incoming air stream, reducing the load on the main air filter

34
Q

What is the primary function of the exhaust system?

A

Gather exhaust gases from cylinders, direct them to silencing mechanism, then disperse them to atmosphere

35
Q

T/F Fibreglass packing is used in some mufflers to absorb sound waves?

A

True

36
Q

What device is used for testing restrictions on an air induction system?

A

Water manometer