Air

Question 1

What are some symptoms to exposure to indoor air pollutants

Answer 1

Less Severe: headaches, dry throat, runny nose, eye irritation

More Severe: Asthma attacks, infection and carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 2

What are the most common air contaminants

Answer 2

Combustion sources (candles, tobacco, fireplaces, etc) that release carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and small particles into the air

Question 3

What are VOC’s and SVOC’s

Answer 3

Volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds. These are commonly emitted from building materials, furnishings, fabrics, cleaning products, personal care products, and more

Question 4

Household air pollution was rated as the _____ most important cause of ill health for the world’s population

Answer 4

Tenth

Question 5

A01 Air Quality | Precondition

What is the intent

Answer 5

Provide a basic level of indoor air quality that contributed to the health and well-being of building users

Question 6

exposure to air pollutants such as VOC’s, ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and others increase risk of

Answer 6

respiratory and cardiovascular diseases

Question 7

What increases risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases

Answer 7

VOC’s, ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and others

Question 8

What are the 2 leading causes of lung cancer

Answer 8

Tobacco and radon exposure

Question 9

Option 1: acceptable thresholds

Following thresholds are met in occupiable spaces

Answer 9

PM2.5: 15ug/m^3 or lower

PM10:50ug/m^3 or lower

Question 10

Option 2: modified thresholds in polluted regions

for projects where the annual outdoor PM2.5 level is 35ug/M^3 or higher

Answer 10

PM2.5: 25ug/m^3 or lower

PM10: 50ug/m^3 or lower

Question 11

Option 3: dynamic thresholds in polluted regions

for projects where the annual average of outdoor PM2.5 level is 35 ug/m^3 or higher

Answer 11

PM2.5 less than or equal to 30% of the 24-48 hour average of outdoor levels

PM10 less than or equal to 30% of the 24-48 hour average of outdoor levels

Question 12

Option 1: Acceptable thresholds for commercial kitchen space and industrial

Answer 12

PM2.5:35ug/m^3 or lower

Question 13

Option 2: for commercial kitchen spaces and industrial what is the dynamic threshold in polluted regions:
For projects where the annual average ambient PM2.5 level is 35 ug/m^3 or higher

Answer 13

PM2.5 equal to 30% of the 24-48 hour average

PM10 equal to 30% of the 24-48 hour average

Question 14

Meet threshold for organic gases

Lab-based VOC’s

Answer 14

Benzene (CAS 71-43-2): 10 ug/m^3 or llower

Formaldehyde (CAS 50-00-0): 50 ug/m^3 or lower

Toluene (CAS 108-88-3) 300 ug/m^3 or lower

Question 15

A01: Ar quality

VOC monitoring reqirements

Answer 15

a. sensors to measure total VOC at least once per hour are installed with a density of at least one per hour every 3500 ft
b. Data covering at least the previous one month demonstrate total VOC levels of 500 ug/m^3 or lower at least 90% of regularly occupied hours of all sensors

Question 16

For all spaces except commercial kitchens

what are the carbon monoxide and ozone thresholds?

Answer 16

CM: 10mg/m^3 (9ppm) or lower
OZ: 100 ug/m^3 (51 ppb) or lower

Question 17

For commercial kitchens

what are the thresholds for carbon monoxide and ozone

Answer 17

CM: 34 mg/m^3 (30 ppm) or lower
OZ: 100 ug/m3 (51 ppb) or lower

Question 18

For regularly occupied spaces at or below grade, one of the following requirements is met:

Answer 18

a. The radon is 0.15 Bq/L [4 pCi/L] or lower, as tested by a professional demonstrated not to have a conflict of interest with the WELL project. One test is conducted per 25,000 ft (2300 m ) of regularly occupied space at or
below grade.
b. All regularly occupied spaces at or below grade meet Feature A03, Part 1, Option 1.

Question 19

Monitor Air Parameters:

For All Spaces except Dwelling Units:
The following requirements are met:

Answer 19

a. The pollutants listed in Parts 1-3 of this feature are monitored in regularly occupied spaces at intervals no longer than once per year, and the results are submitted annually through the WELL digital platform.
b. The number and location of sampling points for on-going monitoring complies with the requirements outlined in the Performance Verification Guidebook.

Question 20

What are the Preconditions associated with Air?

Answer 20

Air Quality, Smoke-Free Environment, ventilation Design, Construction Pollution Management

Question 21

what is the intent of the Smoke Free Environment precondition

Answer 21

Deter smoking, minimize occupant exposure to secondhand smoke, and reduce smoke pollution

Question 22

The average life expectancy of a smoker is ______ years less than a non smoker

Answer 22

10

Question 23

Define Thirdhand smoke

Answer 23

Residual chemicals left on indoor surfaces.

Clings to walls, furniture, clothing, bedding, carpets, etc.

Question 24

What are health issues associated with tobacco smoke

Answer 24

asthma attacks, respiratory infections, coronary heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and sudden infant death syndrome.

Question 25

What is the safe level of cigarette smoke exposure

Answer 25

No safe level

Question 26

what is the requirement for indoor smoking

Answer 26

Smoking and us of e-cigarettes is prohibited in indoor spaces

Question 27

what are the requirements for outdoor smoking

Answer 27

A. prohibited (with signage) to smoke or use e-cigarettes at ground level within 25' of entrances operable windows, and building air intakes. Signage must be present b. in outdoor areas that allow smoking signs are placed along walkways that describe the hazards c. Prohibited on decks, patios, balconies, rooftops, and occupiable outdoor areas above ground level

Question 28

The intent of Ventilation Design Precondition

Answer 28

Minimize indoor air quality issues through the provision of adequate ventilation

Question 29

Poorly ventilated areas contribute to what symptoms

Answer 29

Headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, cough, sneezing, shortness of breath, and eye, nose, throat and skin irritation. Known as SIck Building Syndrome (SBS)

Question 30

Poorly ventilated area increase rates of

Answer 30

employee absence, operation costs, poor productivity in students

Question 31

Requirements for mechanically ventilated spaces

Answer 31

a. Newly installed ventilation systems are designed to meet the supply and exhaust rates set in one or more of the following ventilation guidelines, which must describe ventilation rates for at least 90% of the project area. The ventilation system is scheduled to be tested and balanced after project occupancy: 12 1. ASHRAE 62.1-2010 or any more recent versions (Ventilation Rate Procedure or IAQ Procedure). 13 2. ASHRAE 62.2-2016. 14 3. EN 16798-1 (for Category IV buildings). 15 4. AS 1668.2-2012 or any more recent version. 16 5. CIBSE Guide A: Environmental Design, version 2007 or any more recent version. b. Existing ventilation systems have been tested and balanced to meet supply and exhaust rates set in one or more ventilation guidelines listed above within the last five years.

Question 32

Requirements for naturally ventilated areas

Answer 32

a. One or more of the following design criteria, which must describe ventilation rates for at least 90% of the project area: 12 1. Natural Ventilation Procedure in ASHRAE 62.1-2010 or any more recent version. 2. CIBSE AM10: Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings (2005 or any more recent version) Section 2.4 17 4. Any reference in Option 1, which describes natural ventilation procedures. b. Vents and windows used to meet the ventilation requirements in one of the standards mentioned above are permanently open or have controls to prevent their closure during periods of occupancy. (Operable windows not used in ventilation calculations may be user operated.) c. Outdoor air meets the following thresholds as an average for the previous year: PM2.5 less than 15ug/m3 PM10 less than 30 μg/m3.

Question 33

requirements for naturally ventilated spaces in areas with elevated particulate matter

Answer 33

For naturally ventilated projects with no mechanical ventilation, the following requirements are met: a. One or more of the following design criteria, which must describe ventilation rates for at least 90% of the project area: 1. Natural Ventilation Procedure in ASHRAE 62.1-2010 or any more recent version. 2. CIBSE AM10: Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings 4. Any reference in Option 1, which describes natural ventilation procedures. b. Vents and windows used to meet the ventilation requirements in one of the standards mentioned above are permanently open or have controls to prevent their closure during periods of occupancy. (Operable windows not used in ventilation calculations may be user operated.) c. Outdoor air meets the following thresholds as an average for the previous year: PM2.5 less than 35 μg/m3. PM10 less than 70 μg/m3.

Question 34

if a project has both a mechanical and natural ventilation system how should it be scored

Answer 34

Mixed mode projects must meet the requirements set for naturally ventilated spaces when mechanical system is not in use and the requirements for mechanical ventilation when the mechanical system is in use. The project must use mechanical ventilation when outdoor PM2.5 levels are above 15 μg/m3, based on a measuring device within 2.5 mi(4 km) of the project.

Question 35

Intent of Construction pollution Management

Answer 35

Mi imize the introduction of construction-related pollutants into indoor air, remediate construction-related indoor air contamination for human health and protect building products from degradation

Question 36

Requirement to mitigate construction pollution

Answer 36

A. Ducts are maintained by being sealed properly from possible contamination and are cleaned prior to installing registers, grills, and diffusers b. if the ventilation system is installed prior to construction filters must meet the following: 1. Media Filters with a PM10 removal rating of at least 70% are used to filter return air 2. all filters are replaced prior to occupancy c. moisture and dust management are followed: 1. carpets, acoustical ceilings, fabric, insulation, upholstery, etc are stored separately 2. all active areas are isolated with sealed doorways or windows 3. walk-off mats are used in entryways to reduce dirt transfer 4. saws and similar tools use dust guards to capture generated dust

Question 37

Intent of Enhanced Air Quality Optimization

Answer 37

Encourage and recognize buildings with enhanced levels of indoor air quality that promote the health and wellbeing of people

Question 38

An average of ____% of productivity loss could be attributable to health issues related to poor indoor air quality in office buildings

Answer 38

10

Question 39

The premature mortality rate could be reduced by up to 15% if PM10 is reduced from _____ to ______

Answer 39

70 to 20ug/m3

Question 40

Intent of Enhanced ventilation Design Optimization

Answer 40

Expel Internally generated pollutants and improve air quality in the breathing zone through an increased supply of outdoor ar or increased ventilation efficiency

Question 41

The risk of sick building syndrome decreases significantly when CO2 concentrations are less than ________

Answer 41

800 ppm

Question 42

Intent of operable window optimization

Answer 42

Increase the supply of high quality outdoor air and promotee a connection to the outdoor environment, by encouraging building users to open windows when outdoor air quality is acceptable

Question 43

Inhalation of harmful indoor substances is correlated with what?

Answer 43

adverse health outcomes such as infectious diseases, cancer, asthma, allergies, and respiratory infections

Question 44

pro and con to opening wndows

Answer 44

pro: positive human experience Con: challenging to maintain control over air quality

Question 45

true or false - mechanically conditioned buildings have fewer people reporting sick building syndrome compared to naturally ventilated buildings

Answer 45

false

Question 46

What projects qualify to have operable windows

Answer 46

projects where the average outdoor PM2.5 level is 35ug/m3 or higher

Question 47

projects with operable window requirements are:

Answer 47

a. at least 75% of the regularly occupied spaces have exterior operable windows b. for each floor the openable window area is at least 4% of the net occupiable floor area

Question 48

If a building has windows what must be monitored

Answer 48

a. Outdoor levels of PM2.5 temperature and humidity at intervals of at least once per hour based on a data-gathering station located within 2.5 miles of the building

Question 49

What is added to windows to notify occupants when outside conditions are suitable

Answer 49

Indicator lights notify Suitable window conditions are: 1.PM2.5 15ug/m3 or lower 2. dry bulb temperature within 15 degrees f of indoor air temperature setpoint 3. relative humidity is 65% or lower

Question 50

The intent of air quality monitoring and awareness Optimization

Answer 50

Monitor air quality issues as well as inform and educate individuals on the quality of the indoor environment

Question 51

How can we monitor air quality fluctuations

Answer 51

Installing air quality sensors and detectors in every building

Question 52

Install indoor air monitors - The project deploys monitors that measure at least three of the following parameters:

Answer 52

1. PM2.5 or PM10 (accuracy 25% at 50 μg/m3). 2. Carbon dioxide (accuracy 10% at 750 ppm). 3. Carbon monoxide (accuracy 1 ppm at values between 0 and 10 ppm). 4. Ozone (accuracy 10 ppb at values between 0 and 100 ppb). 5. Nitrogen dioxide (accuracy 20 ppb at values between 0 and 100 ppb). 6. Total VOCs (accuracy 25% at 500 μg/m3). 7. Formaldehyde (accuracy 20 ppb at values between 0 and 100 ppb).

Question 53

How often should air monitors be used

Answer 53

monitor density is at least once sensor for 3500 sqft

Question 54

How often should air quality measurements be taken

Answer 54

every 10 minutes for CO2 and every 1 hour for other pollutants

Question 55

Requirements for reporting and maintenance of air quality

Answer 55

A. Data must be submitted annually through the well digital platform b. monitors are recalibrated or replaced annually and documaents must be submitted proving these calibrations and chamges

Question 56

How to promote air quality awareness

Answer 56

a. data is presented through display screens positioned 3'-6" - 5'-6" with at least one display every 3500 sqft. b. Data is hosted on a website or phone accessible to occupants. Signs are present indicating where data may be accessed of at least one sign every 3500 sqft c. data presented includes either concentrations of the parameters measured or qualitative results

Question 57

Intent of air pollution infiltration management

Answer 57

minimize the introduction of pollutants into the indoor air through the building envelope and at building entrances

Question 58

What percent of air particle inhalation occurs indoors?

Answer 58

65%

Question 59

requirements for design healthy entryways in regards to entryways

Answer 59

1. all regularly used entrances to the building that are open to the pedestrian network include an entryway system comprised of grilles, grates, slots, or roll out mats the width of the entrance and 10ft long in the direction of travel 2. either a vestibule with 2 closed door ways or a revolving door is used to slow the movement of air from outdoors to indoors

Question 60

requirements for designing healthy entryways in regards to entry maintenance

Answer 60

entry must be wet cleaned at least once a week and vacuumed once a day

Question 61

All facilities adjacent to outdoor sports fields need a what to capture moisture and debris

Answer 61

staging area that separates the playing field from internal areas

Question 62

What are the requirements for building envelope commisioning

Answer 62

a. the project uses a facade engineer that is responsible for defining the building envelope performance metrics at the design concept stage b. the building envelope performance requirements are included in the basis of the design document and reflect on the owner's project requirements c. the commissioning process included envelope commissioning for air filtration and leakage d. The building envelope commissioning process is executed as outlined in the commissioning plan e. The envelope commissioning plan is included un the project operation and maintenance manual

Question 63

Intent of Combustion Minimization

Answer 63

Reduce human exposure to combustion-related air pollution from heating and transportation services

Question 64

what are major overlooked sources of indoor air pollution

Answer 64

space heating, cooking, and transporation

Question 65

Exposure to fine particles, nitrogen diode, and carbon monoxide can cause

Answer 65

nausea, loss of consciousness and death , inhalation of elevated levels of carbon monoxide is linked to headaches, visual impairment, reduced cognitive functioning and the ability to perform complex tasks.

Question 66

How can we manage combustion

Answer 66

1. Combustion based fireplaces, stoves, space heaters, ranges, and ovens are not used in occupiable spaces 2. equipment used in the project for heating, cooling, water heating, power generation within the building or project site must either comply with California's south coast air quality management emissions rule, be electric, or are supplied with heating or cooling 3. vehicle idling for more than 30 sec is prohibited in all pickup, drop off, and parking areas. No idling sign must be present

Question 67

Intent of source separation

Answer 67

preserve indoor air quality and maximize olfactory comfort in occupied spaces through isolation and proper ventilation of indoor pollution sources and chemical storage areas

Question 68

Copy rooms contribute to Ozone which has been associated with what symptoms

Answer 68

Lung inflammation, chest pain, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and exacerbation of respiratory illnesses

Question 69

Cleaning products contribute to VOC's which are linked to

Answer 69

cancer, organ, and central nervous system damage

Question 70

Bathrooms encourage mold and mildew growth which lead to

Answer 70

aggravation of lung diseases and allergic reactions

Question 71

particulate matter, VOC's, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are all linked to

Answer 71

kidney inflammation

Question 72

Requirements to manage pollution in bathrooms, kitchens, cleaning storage rooms, and printing rooms (meet one of the following)

Answer 72

1. a. separate from all adjacent occupiable spaces with self-closing doors or vestibules b. negatively pressurized compared to adjacent regularly occupied spaces 2. Use exhaust fans so the return air is vented out and not recirculated

Question 73

For commercial kitchens how can we manage pollution and exhaust

Answer 73

1. Canopy hoods have side panels 2. Type II hood overhangs and setbacks comply with ASHRAE 154-2011 on all open sides, measured in the horizontal plane from the inside edge of the hood to the edge of the top horizontal surface of the appliance. 3. The vertical distance between the front lower lip of the hood and the cooking surface is less than or equal to 4' 4. Makeup air velocity near (or directed at) the hood is less than 75 fpm(0.38 m/s). 5. Replacement air introduced directly into the exhaust hood cavity does not exceed 10% of the hood exhaust airflow rate. 6. At least 50% of the air that replaces the exhaust air is conditioned transfer air, rather than makeup air. 7. Appliances are grouped under exhaust hoods according to effluent production and associated ventilation requirements, as specified in ASHRAE 154-2011, per hood type 8. Appliances have a rear seal between the appliance and the wall 9. Appliances located at the end of a cook line requiring exhaust airflow rates greater than 300 cfm/ft(460 L/s/m) have a full side panel or an end wall.

Question 74

For dwelling units, ovens, burners, and stovetop cooking appliances that use a range hood must meet the requirements:

Answer 74

1. exhaust air is vented outdoors 2. exhaust air outlets are separated from air intakes by at least 10' 3. min operating exhaust airflow rate is greater of 100 cfm per linear foot of range hood width 4. range hood device when in operation coveres 75% of burner area