Aim, hypothesis, correlation, variables

Question 1

Correlation

Answer 1

• measure of how strongly two or ore variables are related to each other
• shows relationship of two measured variables

Question 2

What is a positive correlation

Answer 2

if one variable increases, the other decreases

Question 3

What is a negative correlation

Answer 3

If one measured variable increases, the other decreases

Question 4

What is no correlation

Answer 4

There is no definitive trend between two variables

Question 5

Example of study using correlation

Answer 5

Baron cohen et al. found that performance on the RET is inversely correlated with scores on the AQ

Question 6

Strengths of correlation

2

Answer 6

• show relationship between two variables
• do not require manipulation, so correlations can be used when the experiments are unethical or unpractical

Question 7

Weaknesses of correlations

2

Answer 7

• issues of casualty- cannot be sure that one variable causes the other, there could be a third variable
• can only be used with quantitative therefore does not explain why certain behaviours occur/ relationships exist

Question 8

Aim

Answer 8

statement describing the general purpose of the study

Question 9

Hypothesis

Answer 9

Testable statement that predicts the outcome of a study

Question 10

Directional hypothesis

Answer 10

predicts the expected direction of results, correlation of variables

Question 11

Non-directional hypothesis

Answer 11

Predicts a difference but not the direction of the results

Question 12

Null hypothesis

Answer 12

States that any relationship between variables is due to chance

Question 13

What is a standardised procedure

Answer 13

one where all the participants follow the same order of events within a study

Question 14

Extraneous variables

Answer 14

variables that could influence the relationship between the IV and DV

Question 15

Participant variables

Answer 15

variables that are individual to participants that could influence the findings of the study

Question 16

How to reduce demand characteristics

Answer 16

Single blind design where the participant is unaware of what behaviour is expected of them

Question 17

What is experimenter bias

Answer 17

Experimenter who wants to achieve a particular outcome gives a signal to participants hinting at what is desired.

Question 18

How to control experimenter bias

Answer 18

Double blind technique where both participant and experimenter don’t know aim of study

Question 19

How did Bandura control participant variables

Answer 19

By matching pre-existing aggression levels of the children