AIDS Flashcards
The AIDS virus invades helper ____ ______.
T-lymphocytes (CD4 cells)
AIDS is transmissible through what four routes?
Blood, sexual contact, breastfeeding, across placenta in utero.
HIV is present in all body fluids(T/F)
Yes, but not transmitted by all- only blood, semen and breast milk
Name the five risk group for AIDS
Homosexual/bisexual men, IV drug users, Hemophiliacs, heterosexual partners of infected people, newborn children of infected women
What is the first test for HIV antibodies?
ELISA
What test confirms the ELISA?
Western Blot
Which test is the best indicator of the progress of HIV disease?
The CD4 count
A CD4 count of under ____ is associated with the oneset of AIDS-related symptoms.
500
A CD4 count under _____ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections.
200
Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease?
Anorexia, fatigue, weakness, night sweats, fever, diarrhea
What virus causes AIDS?
HIV
Which two classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV seri-positivity?
NTRI’s and PI’s
What do these drugs do?
To prevent viral replication
What’s is the most common NRTI used?
AZT (zidovudine)
What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV disease?
The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hrs can be overwhelming. The frequency also makes it hard to remember- am alarm wristwatch is used.
Clients with AIDS (gain/lose) weight?
Lose
The typical pneumonia of AIDS is caused by _____ ______.
Pneumocystis carinii
What type of oral/esophageal infections do AIDS patients get?
Candida
What’s the #1 cancer AIDS patients get?
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma is a cancer of the_____.
Skin
Can AIDS patients also get lymphomas?
Yes
What lab findings are present in AIDS?
Decreased RBC, WBC, platelets
If the AIDS patient has leukopenia they will be on _____ ______.
Protective (reverse) isolation
Without leukopenia the AIDS patient will be on ______ precautions.
Standard precautions or blood and body fluid precautions.
When the AIDS patient has a low platelet count, what is indicated?
Bleeding precautions: No IM’s, no rectal temperatures, other bleeding precautions
Dose AIDS require a single room?
Yes- if WBC counts are low
When do you need a gown with AIDS?
If you are going to get contaminated with secretions.
When do you wear a mask with AIDS?
Not usually necessary unless they have an infection caused by an airborne bug
When do you need goggle with AIDS?
Suctioning, central line start, arterial procedures
If an AIDS patient’s blood contaminates a counter top, with what do you clean?
1:10 solution of bleach and water
Are all articles used by AIDS patients double- bagged?
No-only contaminated with secretions
Can AIDS patients leave the floor?
Yes, unless WBC’s are very low
