Aid

Question 1

Define the term aid.

Answer 1

The giving of resources from one country or organisation to another.

Question 2

List the three forms of aid.

Answer 2

1. Money (grants, loans)
2. Expertise (engineers, teachers, doctors)
3. Goods (food, technology)

Question 3

What is the aim of aid?

Answer 3

To help poorer countries develop their economy and services so that they can improve the quality of life of their citizens.

Question 4

List the four types of aid.

Answer 4

1. Bilateral
2. Multilateral
3. Tied
4. Voluntary

Question 5

What is bilateral aid?

Answer 5

Where resources are directly given from a rich donor country to a poor recipient country.

Question 6

What is multilateral aid?

Answer 6

Where money is given from many countries to an international organisation such as the World Bank, which then redistributes this money to LEDCs.

Question 7

What is tied aid?

Answer 7

Where conditions are placed by the donor country on how the money or resources should be spent or used by the recipient.

Question 8

What is voluntary aid?

Answer 8

Where the public donate money to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as Oxfam.
The money is spent on long-term projects such as educational development.
This may also be in the form of emergency aid.

Question 9

What is short term aid?

Answer 9

Emergency aid in response to an immediate need, such as after a natural disaster.
It often takes the form of money or goods such as food, water and medical equipment.

Question 10

What is long term aid?

Answer 10

Aid that takes years before it benefits people.
It is often in the form of expertise with the aim of improving the long-term standard of living, such as an improved education scheme.

Question 11

List three reasons that LEDCs require aid.

Answer 11

1. Global inequality
2. Natural disasters
3. Recovering from war or famine.

Question 12

How does aid benefit LEDCs in the short term?

Answer 12

Aid helps LEDCs recover from natural disasters.

Question 13

How does aid benefit LEDCs in the long term?

Answer 13

Aid encourages self-sufficiency and independence.

Question 14

How does aid benefit LEDCs in terms of quality of life?

Answer 14

Aid improves levels of education and health, which improves overall quality of life.

Question 15

How does aid cause problems to LEDCs in terms of corruption?

Answer 15

Corrupt LEDC governments can lead to the embezzlement of funds, which prevents them from reaching the citizens they were intended for.

Question 16

How does aid cause problems to LEDCs in terms of its short reach?

Answer 16

Aid does not reach people in poor, rural areas.

Therefore, the gap between rural and urban dwellers increases.

Question 17

How does tied aid cause problems for LEDCs?

Answer 17

Tied aid may force LEDCs to produce raw materials for MEDCs rather than growing food or developing their own industries.

Question 18

How does aid in the form of loans cause problems to LEDCs?

Answer 18

Aid in the form of loans causes permanent debt, which is ever-increasing due to interest.

Question 19

How does relying on aid cause problems to LEDCs?

Answer 19

Relying on aid can increase dependency if the LEDC does not use the aid for development.

Question 20

Explain an example of appropriate aid.

Answer 20

1. ACICAFOC is a farming and forestry group in Belize.
2. It has been given over £239,200 by Comic Relief over a period of 3 years.
3. Local groups exchange experience and knowledge with small scale peasant farmers and indigenous people to encourage socioeconomic development.

Question 21

Explain an example of inappropriate aid.

Answer 21

1. Millions of pounds of aid was given to Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo).
2. This was stolen by the corrupt leader in the 1970s and 80s, never reaching the poor.
3. Tied aid is frequently linked with arms sales in LEDCs.