Agricultural Power and Energy - Introduction

Question 1

System of units

Answer 1

(1) US Customary Unit or English Unit
(2) Metric or SI Unit

Question 2

movement from one place to another

Answer 2

displacement

Question 3

number of unit squares equal in measure to the surface

Answer 3

area

Question 4

degree of hotness or coldness of an object

Answer 4

temperature

Question 5

amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional figure

Answer 5

volume

Question 6

force of gravity acting on a body

Answer 6

weight

Question 7

action which causes or tends to cause motion or a change of motion of an object; it has direction of action, magnitude, and point of application must be known

Answer 7

force

Question 8

amount of force or thrust exerted over a given
area

Answer 8

pressure

Question 9

measure of an interval or duration

Answer 9

time

Question 10

time rate of movement

Answer 10

velocity or speed

Question 11

rate of doing work

Answer 11

power

Question 12

application of a force through a lever arm; causes of tends to cause a twisting or rotary movement

Answer 12

torque

Question 13

unit of power commonly used in the farm to indicate the work output of humans, draft animals, and mechanical prime movers.

Answer 13

horsepower

Question 14

generally refers to stationary mechanical devices such as irrigation pumps, threshers, grinders

Answer 14

agricultural equipment

Question 15

which is not an objective of mechanization?

a. reduce drudgery of farm works
b. increase the productivity of farm workers
c. increase the timeliness and quantity of farm work.

Answer 15

c. increase the timeliness and quantity of farm work.

(increase the timeliness and quality of farm work)

Question 16

what are the two (2) kinds of work?

Answer 16

(1) Tractive work - requiring pulling or drawing effort (ex. hauling, harvesting, crop cultivation)

(2) Stationary work - usually accomplished by means of belts, gears, power take-off or direct drive (ex. water pumping, processing)

Question 17

what are the six (6) primary sources of power in agriculture?

Answer 17

(1) human labor
(2) domestic animals
(3) wind
(4) flowing water
(5) electricity
(6) heat engines

Question 18

While ____ is considered the greatest discovery of man, the ____ is the considered the greatest invention of man

Answer 18

fire ; wheel

Question 19

_____ power develops only ____ hp working continuously under favorable conditions (good health, well fed, and favorable environment)

Answer 19

human ; 0.1

Question 20

the rate at which a machine or an implement can cover a field while performing its intended function

Answer 20

field capacity

Question 21

Rate of field coverage that would be obtained if the machine was performing its function 100% of the time at the rated forward speed and always covered 100% of its rated width

Answer 21

Theoretical Field Capacity

Question 22

Rate of field coverage by the machine based upon the total field time, which is defined as the sum of the effective operating time and time lost

Answer 22

Effective/Actual Field Capacity

Question 24

the rate at which a machine or an implement can cover a field while performing its intended function

Answer 24

field capacity

Question 25

Ratio of the actual field capacity to the theoretical field capacity, expressed as percent

Answer 25

field efficiency

Question 26

Determine the time required and distance traveled in plowing a one-hectare field using a 13-cm wide animal-drawn plow with a field efficiency of 70%. If the draft is 60 kg and the animal is travelling at 3 kph, what is the horsepower output of the animal?

Answer 26

(a) Time to plow 1ha = 36.63 hr/ha
(b) Distance traveled in 1ha = 76.92 km
(c) Horsepower output of animal = 0.66 hp