Agricultural (Neolithic) Revolution and Civilisation Flashcards
What is a nomadic lifestyle?
move from place to place and do not reside in the same area for long
Why was there a change from a nomadic way of life to living in a permanent place?
there
were suitable conditions and
crops and stock for
domestication
permanent, reliable food source meant that a nomadic way of life was no longer necessary
When did plant domestication occur?
Started around 12 000 years BP
What happened as a result of human intervention in the Mediterranean’s ‘fertile crescent’
Human intervention in the Mediterranean’s ‘fertile crescent’
resulted in a cross of a natural grass with wild wheat to produce a useful hybrid called emmer
What is emmer?
Hybrid
cross of natural grass and wild wheat
Name crops that were domesticated around the world
China – rice and soybeans.
Central America (New World) - maize.
Europe and Asia (Old World) - wheat and barley
Where did domestication of animals occur?
areas of the Middle East had a number of smaller wild animals such as sheep, pigs, goats and cattle
How did a selection of smaller more manageable animals occur?
These animals may be attracted to the grain
The adults may have been killed and the young then raised by humans
Allowed the young to breed
Hence, a selection for smaller more manageable animals
Why were there population increases in a settled way of life?
more stable food supply
How were settlements made?
Population increases in a settled way of life as there is a more stable food supply
Mothers can have more children
Settlements are formed
What happened when there was a surplus of food?
people were able to providing other goods and service allowing job specialisation and the development of new skills such pottery, weaving and writing
What happened once job specialisation and new skills developed?
promoted a bartering or monetary system and town, cities and civilisation to develop.
What is a civilisation?
the advanced state of social organisation that includes the use of writing, the presence of cities, with a wide political organisation and development of occupational specialisation
