Agricultural Change

Question 1

Why was agriculture seen as important?

Answer 1

-agri organisation seen as prerequisite for rapid Ind

Question 2

What happened to grain + why?

Answer 2

-surplus grain needed for export
-to enable purchase Ind equipment + feed growing Ind workforce

Question 3

What was a limitation to this?

Answer 3

-peasants still not producing enough by 1927
-ideological beliefs favoured a more socialist system in countryside

Question 4

Who were critics of the free market + what did they believe?

Answer 4

-created by NEP
-believed system working to adv of peasants over Ind workers
-peasants holding back move to socialism

Question 5

What did Stalin’s great turn include regarding farming?

Answer 5

-a move towards collective farming
-to provide more efficient farming, more opportunity for mechanisation, grain collected easier, ‘socialise’ the peasants

Question 6

What was collective farming?

Answer 6

-all agri workers employed on large ‘factory-farms’
-delivering grain quotas + other food products to state

Question 7

What happened in 1926 I’m agriculture which sparked the need for change?

Answer 7

-good harvest but only 50% of what was required
-increased tax on kulaks + NEPmen accused of hoarding

Question 8

What happened in 1927?

Answer 8

-grain procurement crisis
-impact Ind growth in cities

Question 9

What happened in dec 1927?

Answer 9

-15th PC - Stalin argues in favour voluntary collectivisation + mechanisation in agri

Question 10

What happened in 1928/29?

Answer 10

-Ural-Siberian method of forced seizure of grain
-NEP ended

Question 11

What happened in dec 1929?

Answer 11

-forced collectivisation begins as peasants don’t collectivise under voluntary system