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GEOL > agrec 251 > Flashcards

agrec 251 Flashcards

1
Q

what did - Judson Christopherson talk about

A

biodiversity

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2
Q

Judson Christopherson is a third-year M.Sc. student in the College of AgBio

A

False - Second year)

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3
Q

Dr. Smyth is the supervisor for Judson Christopherson’s M.Sc. research on quantifying net emissions from forage production in Saskatchewan

A

true

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4
Q

What is the primary focus of Judson Christopherson’s M.Sc. research?
a. Crop rotations in Saskatchewan
b. Livestock production in the Southeast corner
c. Forage production net emissions in Saskatchewan
d. Environmental impact of private sector investments

A

c. Forage production net emissions in Saskatchewan

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5
Q

What does Judson Christopherson plan to do upon completing the M.Sc. program?
a. Pursue a career in politics
b. Expand and manage the family farm
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

A

a and b

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6
Q

Define sustainability and resiliency.

A

Sustainability refers to the ability to meet current needs without compromising future generations. Resiliency is the capacity to recover and adapt in the face of challenges.

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7
Q

Public sector R&D funding increased from 1960 to 2011

A

false

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8
Q

t/f Varietal development is primarily completed in the private sector

A

f

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9
Q

t/f The triple challenge of sustainable development includes agricultural intensification, increased environmental impact, and economic decline.

A

f

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10
Q

What has declined from 57% in 1960 to 47% in 2011, according to the information provided?
a. Private sector investment
b. Livelihoods, equality, and climate metrics
c. Public sector R&D funding
d. Agricultural innovation pace

A

c

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11
Q

According to the speaker, what makes determining a causal relationship in a dynamic system extremely difficult?
a. Private sector investment
b. Public sector R&D funding
c. Varied expectations in livelihoods, equality, and climate metrics
d. Economic decline

A

d

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12
Q

How does the media frame livestock production?

A

Livestock production is often framed as contributing to climate change and animal welfare issues, with a focus on the environmental impact of meat production.

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13
Q

t/f Biological diversity is unrelated to environmental sustainability.

A

f

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14
Q

t/f the Convention on Biological Diversity provides an overarching definition that includes diversity within and between species.

A

t

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15
Q

t/f Canada’s commitment to biodiversity is not reflected in the Global Biodiversity Framework.

A

f

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16
Q

What does Target 6 of the Global Biodiversity Framework aim to achieve by 2030?
a. Increase invasive alien species’ impact
b. Eliminate plastic pollution
c. Reduce pesticide use
d. Minimize biodiversity impact from invasive species

A

d

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17
Q

What role does Target 7 play in Agri-food research, policy, and on-farm experience?
a. Reducing pollution risks and negative impacts
b. Increasing pesticide use
c. Promoting invasive alien species
d. Eliminating plastic pollution

A

a

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18
Q

How can agriculture be better realigned with natural ecosystems?

A

Agriculture can be realigned with natural ecosystems through practices such as integrated crop-livestock systems, forage rotations, and minimizing the use of single-use plastics.

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19
Q

Belowground biodiversity does not consider the health and variety beneath the soil surface.

A

f

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20
Q

Alfalfa at the “Erin Brockovich” site leads to the loss of nutrients to groundwater.

A

f

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21
Q

Native grasslands have been increasing in Saskatchewan between 1990 and 2015.

A

f

22
Q

What is a benefit of grazing to biodiversity?
a. Increases invasive species encroachment
b. Limits residual forage buildup
c. Causes habitat loss for grassland birds
d. Reduces carbon sequestration

A

b

23
Q

How do extensive feeding systems contribute to biodiversity and sustainability?
a. Increase emissions and plastic waste
b. Utilize more single-use plastics
c. Show processes using less plastic, diesel, and labor
d. Negatively impact nutrient cycles

A

c

24
Q

How do mite populations contribute to improved yields in agriculture?

A

Mite populations in manure contribute to improved yields by activating beneficial bacteria, enhancing nutrient cycling, and improving soil health.

25
Q

Input use by Western Canadian Cow-calf producers is aimed at maximizing biodiversity.

A

f

26
Q

Breaking and reseeding is a low-risk and cost-effective method for forage rejuvenation.

A

f

27
Q

Specialized insecticides can target only pests, minimizing ecological harm.

A

t

28
Q

What is the catalyst for improving biodiversity according to the speaker?
a. Increased input use
b. Reseeding cropland
c. Proper management
d. Soil testing

A

c

29
Q

What is the focus of the Western Canadian Cow-calf Survey?
a. Maximizing input use
b. Minimizing pesticide use
c. Forage rejuvenation
d. Livestock emissions

A

c

30
Q

What are some areas for improvement in Western Canadian cow-calf production?

A

Greater forage rejuvenation and improved grazing practices.

31
Q

Crop production has a negative impact on biodiversity.

A

f

32
Q

Belowground biodiversity is not influenced by tillage practices.

A

f

33
Q

The use of pesticides and fertilizers always harms biodiversity

A

f

34
Q

What is a benefit of conservation tillage practices in Saskatchewan?
a. Increased emissions and costs
b. Reduced microbial biomass
c. Improved soil water filtration and retention
d. Higher risk of soil erosion

A

c

35
Q

How does the EU Farm to Fork Strategy impact tillage practices in Saskatchewan?
a. Promotes organic farming, potentially impacting tillage practices
b. Advocates for increased tillage for higher yields
c. Encourages the use of more pesticides
d. Targets the elimination of conservation tillage

A

a

36
Q

What are some implications of crop rotation on biodiversity?

A

Crop rotations provide diversity in host plants, deter pests, and maintain beneficial animals and insects through habitat diversity.

37
Q

Winter cereals have no impact on biodiversity

A

f

38
Q

Cover crops are inefficient due to short growing seasons

A

f

39
Q

4R fertilizer management does not contribute to minimizing nutrient losses.

A

f

40
Q

How does cover cropping enhance biodiversity prospects?
a. Decreases microbial and nematode biomass
b. Limits nutrient cycling
c. Enhances microbial and nematode biomass
d. Impacts waterfowl negatively

A

c

41
Q

According to the information, what is key to minimizing nutrient losses in agriculture?
a. Increasing fertilizer use
b. Following the 4R’s
c. Decreasing cover cropping
d. Using organic fertilizers

A

b

42
Q

How can winter cereals contribute to both biodiversity and the bottom line in agriculture?

A

Winter cereals can improve workload management, pest management, and offer marketing flexibility.

43
Q

Restoring unproductive pastures and hayfields always has a positive ROI.

A

f

44
Q

Funding, research, and management need not be aligned to achieve biodiversity goals.

A

f

45
Q

Why is maintaining social license important in agriculture?
a. It has no impact on productivity
b. It avoids government mandates
c. It increases input use
d. It reduces ecosystem services

A

b

46
Q

who did the presentation on economics in policy and policy for the economy

A

Peter WB Phillips

47
Q
  1. True/False: Peter WB Phillips is the Director of the Centre for the Study of Science and Innovation Policy at the Johnson-Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Saskatchewan.
A

t

47
Q
  1. True/False: One of the learning objectives of the presentation is to discuss the challenges in using economics during agenda setting, design, decision-making, and evaluation in the policy system.
A

t

48
Q
  1. True/False: Easton’s Black Box refers to a comprehensive model explaining the policy cycle stages.
A

f

49
Q
A

GEOL (5 decks)

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