aging and exercise

Question 1

Respiratory system changes in age:

Answer 1

rib cage becomes more rigid as cartilage calcifies. T-spin may shorten and osteoporosis may cause stooped posture

Question 2

VO2max declines with age

Answer 2

by about 4-5.5 mL/kgmin each decade for men and 2-3.5 mL/kgmin each decade

Question 3

red flag gait speed, functional community ambulator

Question 4

yellow flag gait speed

Answer 4

0.6-1.0 m/s

Question 5

green flag gait speed

Answer 5

> 1.0m/s

Question 6

crossing the street speed considerations

Answer 6

(#traffic lanes x 7 ft)/(__ sec signal + 3 sec for curbs) = m/s

Question 7

take home message of gait speed

Answer 7

Gait speed (w/ age and sex) can be a strong predictor of survival

Question 8

frailty = 3/5 of the following criteria

Answer 8

1) unintentional wt loss
2) fatigue
3) low grip strength/strength
4) decreased gait speed
5) low PA

Question 9

clinically meaningful difference/change in gait speed

Answer 9

0.1 m/s

Question 10

MCD =

Answer 10

beyond error (0.1-0.2 m/s)

Question 11

MCID =

Answer 11

functionally meaningful (0.1 m/s)

Question 12

NYHA class I

Answer 12

no limitations or symptoms, comfortable at rest

Question 13

NYHA class II

Answer 13

slight limitations of PA, symptomatic with ordinary activity and comfortable at rest

Question 14

NYHA class III

Answer 14

marked limitation on PA, symptomatic at less than ordinary levels of activity, comfortable at rest

Question 15

NYHA class IV

Answer 15

unable to perform any activity, discomfort w/ any activity, symptomatic at rest

Question 16

degrees of aortic stenosis

Answer 16

mild 20 mmHg difference between L ventricular pressure and aortic pressure
mod 40 mmHg
severe >80 mmHg

Question 17

type II muscle

Answer 17

fast twitch fibers, preference for atrophy in elders

Question 18

min aerobic capacity to live independently

Answer 18

18 mL/kg min men

15 mL?kg min women

Question 19

Whats the ideal “failure” rate

Answer 19

70% success 30% failure

Question 20

pts with claudication pain what is an intensity for exercise?

Answer 20

2-3/4 on the claudication scale

Question 21

when are PVCs concerning?

Answer 21

triplets or more occur

Question 22

What is the intensity needed for aerobic adaptation?

Answer 22

13-15/20 RPE, 50-80% VO2

Question 23

What dx tends to have poor compliance and a hx of never having exercised?

Answer 23

COPD

Question 24

When can muscle hypertrophy be seen?

Answer 24

6-8 weeks

Question 25

anaerobic threshold =

Answer 25

55% vo2max

Question 26

COPD O2sat guideline

Answer 26

drop in 5% O2sat

Question 27

Inspiratory muscle training in COPD

Answer 27

higher intensity for shorter duration - may be more compliant, fear of breathing already and now having something in their mouth which is making it hard to breathe