aging and exercise Flashcards
Respiratory system changes in age:
rib cage becomes more rigid as cartilage calcifies. T-spin may shorten and osteoporosis may cause stooped posture
VO2max declines with age
by about 4-5.5 mL/kgmin each decade for men and 2-3.5 mL/kgmin each decade
red flag gait speed, functional community ambulator
yellow flag gait speed
0.6-1.0 m/s
green flag gait speed
> 1.0m/s
crossing the street speed considerations
(#traffic lanes x 7 ft)/(__ sec signal + 3 sec for curbs) = m/s
take home message of gait speed
Gait speed (w/ age and sex) can be a strong predictor of survival
frailty = 3/5 of the following criteria
1) unintentional wt loss
2) fatigue
3) low grip strength/strength
4) decreased gait speed
5) low PA
clinically meaningful difference/change in gait speed
0.1 m/s
MCD =
beyond error (0.1-0.2 m/s)
MCID =
functionally meaningful (0.1 m/s)
NYHA class I
no limitations or symptoms, comfortable at rest
NYHA class II
slight limitations of PA, symptomatic with ordinary activity and comfortable at rest
NYHA class III
marked limitation on PA, symptomatic at less than ordinary levels of activity, comfortable at rest
NYHA class IV
unable to perform any activity, discomfort w/ any activity, symptomatic at rest
degrees of aortic stenosis
mild 20 mmHg difference between L ventricular pressure and aortic pressure
mod 40 mmHg
severe >80 mmHg
type II muscle
fast twitch fibers, preference for atrophy in elders
min aerobic capacity to live independently
18 mL/kg min men
15 mL?kg min women
Whats the ideal “failure” rate
70% success 30% failure
pts with claudication pain what is an intensity for exercise?
2-3/4 on the claudication scale
when are PVCs concerning?
triplets or more occur
What is the intensity needed for aerobic adaptation?
13-15/20 RPE, 50-80% VO2
What dx tends to have poor compliance and a hx of never having exercised?
COPD
When can muscle hypertrophy be seen?
6-8 weeks
anaerobic threshold =
55% vo2max
COPD O2sat guideline
drop in 5% O2sat
Inspiratory muscle training in COPD
higher intensity for shorter duration - may be more compliant, fear of breathing already and now having something in their mouth which is making it hard to breathe
