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PMP > Agile Questions > Flashcards

Agile Questions Flashcards

1
Q

First principle of agile

A

customer satisfaction as highest priority and delivering products and services to delight customers

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2
Q

what is organizational change management

A

essential to for implementing and transforming practices

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3
Q

individual and interactions over…?

A

…processes and tools

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4
Q

working software over….?

A

….comprehensive documentation

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5
Q

customer collaboration over….?

A

contract negotiation

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6
Q

responding to change over…?

A

…following a plan

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7
Q 
agile is...
an approach
mindset
practice
technique 
framework
A

all of them

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8
Q

focuses on lean thinking

A

Kanban

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9
Q

less prescriptive, less disruptive, start with relative ease

A

Kanban

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10
Q

Started at Toyota Manufacturing

A

Kanban

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11
Q

4 project life cycles

A
  1. predictive
  2. iterative
  3. incremental
  4. agile
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12
Q

Which life cycle focuses on speed and delivery?

A

Incremental life cycle

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13
Q

Which life cycle most focuses on customer feed back and solution correctness?

A

Iterative

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14
Q

Which life cycle includes both incremental and iterative life cycles?

A

Agile Life cycle

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15
Q

Which life cycle(s) has only 1 delivery?

A

Predictive and Iterative

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16
Q

Which life cycle(s) have multiple deliveries?

A

Incremental and Agile

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17
Q

Which life cycle has certainty around requirements?

A

Predictive

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18
Q

Which life cycle has activities in a serial manner?

A

Predictive

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19
Q

Which life cycle focuses on solution correctness and values customer feedback?

A

Iterative

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20
Q

Which life cycle focuses on small and frequent deliveries?

A

incremental and agile

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21
Q

Which life cycle require requirements to change?

A

Iterative, incremental, agile

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22
Q

When are the requirements discovered during an agile life cycle project?

A

ongoing

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23
Q

What is flow based agile?

A

pull items from backlog and work on them based on capacity rather than time boxes and iterations

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24
Q

What is iteration base agile?

A

use time box of same size, each timebox results in working features

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25
Q

How do you start an agile project in an organization?

A

start with iterations and then incremental techniques,

start on less risky projects with low-med uncertainty

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26
Q

What should you do when work demand is unsteady?

A

Use timebox approach, use flow based agile for flexibility

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27
Q

What should you do when the product quality is low?

A

Use test driven development practices such as XP

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28
Q

What should you do to increase rate of process improvement?

A

Hold retrospectives more frequently.

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29
Q

What should you do when more than one agile team is needed?

A

Use agile scaling frameworks

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30
Q

What should you do when members are inexperienced in agile?

A

Train members on agile mindset and principles.

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31
Q

Who manages an agile teams work processes and product development?

A

The team

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32
Q

What are the responsibilities of a servant leader?

A
  1. educate stake holders
  2. mentor, encourage, support, advocate for team find training opportunities
  3. help with technical management activities and quantitative risk analysis
  4. celebrate team successes
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33
Q

What is the ideal agile team size?

A

3-9 members

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34
Q

What is the ideal geographic location for agile members and their availability ?

A

colocation, 100% dedicated to one project

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35
Q

Who assigns work on the agile team to other members?

A

the team members themselves

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36
Q

What is one way a team can collaborate and expediate work?

A

limit WIP

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37
Q

What is pairing?

A

pairing two team members to work simultaneously on the same work item, one programmer writes the code while the other programmer reviews the code, allows for just in time feedback

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38
Q

What is swarming?

A

technique in which multiple team members focus collectively on resolving a specific impediment

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39
Q

What is mobbing?`

A

a technique in which multiple team members focus simultaneously and coordinate their contributions on a particular work item.

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40
Q

What has occurred when a team realizes its assumptions are no longer valid and the project is far along?

A

team has fallen into a mini-waterfall

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41
Q

Who are the team members of an agile project?

A
  1. cross functional team members
  2. product owner
  3. team facilitator
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42
Q

What does the product owner do in an agile project?

A

provides guiding direction pf product
ranks the product backlog based on business value
decides which features to work on next

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43
Q

What are types of team faciliators ?

A

servant leaders, project managers, scrum masters

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44
Q

What type of people have specialty in one domain?

A

I shaped

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45
Q

What type of people are specialized but also have other skills, have aptitude, collaborate with other departments?

A

T-shaped people

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46
Q

Who are generalized specialists?

A

T-shaped people

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47
Q

What is fishbowl?

A

Have video conference all day while working with other team members located in different places

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48
Q

What is remote pairing?

A

When you share screens, video, and audio with team members dispersed geographically.

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49
Q

What is refactoring?

A

A product quality technique where the design of the product is improved by enhancing its maintainability and other attributes without altering its expected behavior.

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50
Q

What is rolling wave planning?

A

An iterative planning technique in which the work in the near term is planned in detail and work later is planned at a higher level.

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51
Q

What is pair programming?

A

Pair work that is focused on programming.

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52
Q

If you have a large team what can you do?

A

break into smaller teams use program management to synchronize and coordinate

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53
Q

What agile practices can you use for large teams?

A

Safe, DA, LESS, Scaled Agile

54
Q

What is a way to manage dispersed teams for effective communication?

A

Have face to face meetings, round robin for consensus and participation

55
Q

What is the recommended way to meet with dispersed large teams?

A

small meetings with 2 or 3 ppl at a time frequently

56
Q

When would you use iteration based agile based on geogrpahy?

A

When the team is dispersed

57
Q

What does an agile team need at a minimum to begin implementing?

A

Project vision, purpose, and clear set of working agreements

58
Q

What is in the team charter?

A

team values (pace, core hours)
working agreements,
definitions of “ready”, “done”
ground rules

59
Q

When do retrospectives occur?

A

As frequently as needed

60
Q

What should a team do when the they are stuck and the completed work is not flowing?

A

hold a retrospective

61
Q

Who does the backlog prepartion?

A

Product owner

62
Q

What happens during the the backlog preparation?

A

Listing of all the work, not all stories but enough to get started

63
Q

What technique can be used for backlog refinement?

A

impact mapping

64
Q

Who refines the backlog?

A

Product owner with team

65
Q

What happens during backlog refinement?

A

Prepare stories for the next iteration, and estimate story sizing relative to each other

66
Q

If the product owner is unsure of the dependencies in the product backlog, what can he ask the team to do?

A

spike

67
Q

What is a spike?

A

A short time interval during the project where the team conducts research or prototypes an aspect of the solution to prove its viability.

68
Q

How long should a team spend per week refining the backlog?

A

1 hour per week

69
Q

Why could the team be spending more than 1 hour refining the backlog?

A

the team members dont have the skill/experience to evaluate the work
the product owner may be over preparing

70
Q

How long are the daily stand ups?

A

15 minutes

71
Q

What are the 3 things discussed in the daily stand up?

A
  1. work done since last stand up
  2. what work will be done until next stand up
  3. impediments in the way
72
Q

What happens during the a timebox (sprint) review?

A

Team showcases the work done in the spring to the product owner for approval/acceptance
feedback is provided

73
Q

What agile approach has:

  1. continuous integration
  2. test at all levels
  3. acceptance test-driven development
  4. test driven development and behavior driven development
A

XP

74
Q

When do you write the tests before the writing/creating the product?

A

Test driven development, behavior driven development

75
Q

When do you do system level testing, end to end information testing, unit testing for all building blocks?

A

Test at all levels

76
Q

What is continuous integration in XP?

A

incorporation to the product as a whole then retest to ensure product still works

77
Q

When does the team get together to write acceptance criteria, create test, write
test, and automate tests?

A

acceptance test-driven development

78
Q

In flow base agile, what is used instead of velocity?

A

Lead time, cycle time, response time

79
Q

What is a way to calculate SPI in agile?

A

SPI = completed features/planned features

80
Q

What is way to calculate CPI in agile?

A

CPI = EV/AC

81
Q

What happens when a team doesnt complete all stories in a sprint?

A

It gets moved to the next sprint

82
Q

What is cycle time?

A

Time from when an item gets worked on until it is delivered to the customer

83
Q

What is lead time?

A

Time from when an item gets added to when it gets delivered to the customer.

84
Q

What is response time?

A

The time from which an items gets added to when work gets started. (wait time for it to get started)

85
Q

Which contracting technique has a lightweight SOW while fixed items like warranties, abirritation are in a MSA?

A

Multi tiered structure

86
Q

What contracting technique uses milestones and payment terms based on value driven deliverables?

A

value delivered

87
Q

What contracting technique limits financial risk for the seller?

A

Fixed price increments

88
Q

Which contracting technique decomposes the scope into fixed price micro deliverables?

A

fixed price increments

89
Q

What contracting technique limits risk on one deliverable?

A

fixed price increments

90
Q

What contracting technique is good for both the seller and buyer?

A

Not to exceed time and materials

91
Q

What is a not to exceed time and materials contract?

A

Limits over all budget to fixed amount, customer can add requirements but needs to swap out current work for new work

92
Q

What contracting technique has shared financial risk?

A

Graduated time and materials

93
Q

What contracting technique rewards the seller if they finish the work early, or penalizes the work if they finish late?

A

Graduated time and materials

94
Q

What contracting technique limits customer financial impact?

A

Easy cancellation option

95
Q

What contracting technique should be used if the customer finds sufficient value is done half through the project and the does not need the rest of the project done?

A

Easy cancellation option

96
Q

What contracting technique allows for the customer to change the scope at predetermined times during the project?

A

Dynamic scope

97
Q

What contracting technique is the most collaborative?

A

team augementation

98
Q

What contracting technique is used when the supplier is embedded in the customers company?

A

team augmentation

99
Q

What contracting technique is used when the supplier work is based on what needs to be done as opposed to a defined scope?

A

team augmentation

100
Q

What contracting technique focuses on engagements that deliver all the work (value)?

A

Favoring full-service suppliers

101
Q

What are the scrum artifacts?

A
  1. product backlog
  2. spring backlog
  3. increments
102
Q

Which agile approach uses weekly and quarterly cycles?

A

XP

103
Q

Which agile approach is based on software development method with very frequent cycles and uses the following practice areas: organizational, technical, planning, integration?

A

XP

104
Q

What does Kanban stand for?

A

Visual sign

105
Q

Which agile approach uses colors based on weights to determine methodology to use?

A

Crystal

106
Q

Which agile approach recognizes that different teams will perform differently depending on team size, criticality, and priority of the project and encourages users to adapt the framework for their individual situation?

A

Crystal

107
Q

Which agile approach uses small sprints and Kanban boards?

A

Scrumban

108
Q

Which agile approach has a chief architect, dev manager, chief programmer, class owner, domain expert?

A

FDD - feature driven devlopement

109
Q

Which agile approach is constraint diven?

A

Dynamic Systems Development Method

110
Q

Which agile approach is an iterative, incremental approach that is largely based on the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology?

A

Dynamic Systems Development Method - DSDM

111
Q

What does Agile Unified Process ( AUP) focus on?

A

developing business application software using agile techniques and concepts, accelerated cycles and less heavy processes

112
Q

What is Scrum of Scrums?

A

2 or more scum teams need to coordinating their work, reps from each time meet to discuss

113
Q

What is Scaled Agile Framework?

A

scaling agile development across all levels (systems thinking, economic view )

114
Q

What is Large Scale Scrum?

A

extends Scrum with scaling guidelines and preserves scrum purposes,
When several teams are using scrum to a common goal

115
Q

What is enterprise scrum?

A

Scum is applied as a holistic approach at the enterprise level as opposed to on an org level

116
Q

What is disciplined agile (DA)?

A

Uses best agile best practices into one model, blends techniques together
- simplified processes decisions around incremental and solution delivery

117
Q

What is a Kaizen event?

A

events aimed at improving the system

118
Q

Which agile approach does the service request master belong to?

A

Kanban

119
Q

What is single loop learning?

A

solve problems by using specific predefined methods, without challenging methods even with experience

120
Q

What is technical debt?

A

The deferred cost of work done at an earlier point the product life cycle. not doing work earlier on when needed, due to time constraints-> may result in rework

121
Q

What is scope creep?

A

changes, continuous or uncontrolled growth in a project’s scope, at any point after the project begins. This can occur when the scope of a project is not properly defined, documented, or controlled.

122
Q

What is impact mapping?

A
123
Q

What is value stream?

A

flow of value to customers through delivery of products and services

124
Q

What is value stream mapping?

A

flow of information of materials required to produce a product

125
Q

Which technique may be useful for learning and maybe used in a circumstance such as estimation, acceptance criteria definition, and understanding the flow of a user’s action through the product?

A

Spike

126
Q

What requirements should be chosen first for prototyping?

A

Simpler and clearer, but valuable requirements should be used for prototyping

127
Q

What is an indirect feature of agile methods?

A

Rapid feature development

128
Q

Which agile technique helps with quality and why?

A

Rapid feature development. If the team does not pay attention to quality, it will be impossible to release anything.

129
Q

Before attempting to tailor agile methodologies, care must be taken to ensure …?

A

tailoring is done by experienced agile practitioner who have been successful in agile practices

130
Q

Would sprint be cancelled if the features are no longer required?

A

No

131
Q

What happens in a sprint if the features being developed are no longer needed?

A

Pull from the backlog and work on the next features

132
Q

When would a sprint be cancelled?

A

If the project is cancelled

PMP (10 decks)

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