aggression😡(Desensitisation, disinhibition, cog priming)

Question 1

what is desensitisation?

Answer 1

where repetitive exposure to violence reduces normal lvls of physiological and psychological arousal associated w anxiety making aggressive behaviour more likely

Question 2

(desensitisation)

what happens when we see violent actions?

what happens when kids repetitively view aggression?

Answer 2

we experience physiological arousal associated w sympathetic nervous system, ie heart rate increases, sweat

they become habituated to its effect, therefore it has a diminishing effect. this result it a reduction of anxiety and psychological arousal on repetitive viewing/playing.

Question 3

(desensitisation)

what effects does desensitisation have?

what does negative attitudes towards violence weaken?

Answer 3

psychological as well as physiological- it promotes using aggression as a method of resolving conflict.

less empathy for victims and there injuries are minimised and dismissed

Question 4

what is disinhibition?

Answer 4

normal social constraints against certain behaviours can be weakened by environmental triggers. these behaviours then appear temporarily socially acceptable and thus more likely

Question 5

(desensitisation)

what did Weisz and earls conduct a study on?

Answer 5

showed ppts film straw dogs which contained prolonged and graphic scene of rape. ppts then watched reenactment of a rape trial. compared w those who watched a non-sexually violent film, male viewers of straw dogs showed greater acceptance of rape myths and sexual aggression. they also showed less sympathy for the rape victim in trial, and were less likely to find defendant guilty. there was no effects of film type on female ppts

Question 6

(disinhibition)

how is aggression and violence learnt?

Answer 6

through direct and indirect processes explained by SLT.

Question 7

what do most ppl view aggression n violence to be?

Answer 7

antisocial and harmful

Question 8

what does disinhibition say about exposure to violent media?

Answer 8

beliefs losen and aggression is accepted.

Question 9

how does media portray violence?

Answer 9

appears normal and socially sanctioned, esp if effects of victim are minimised and suggest its justified.

Question 10

what do video games sometimes do?

Answer 10

reward violent behaviour, which creates new norms in the viewer

Question 11

what is cognitive priming?

Answer 11

violent images provide us w ready made scripts about aggression which are stored in memory and triggered when we perceive aggressive cues in a situation

Question 12

(cog priming)

what does huesmann say?

Answer 12

the script we develop is stored in memory so we become ready or primed to be aggressive.

the process is automatic and it can direct our behaviour without us even being aware of it. the script is triggered when we encounter cues in a situation that we perceive as aggressive

Question 13

(cog priming)

what did Fischer and greitemeyer look at?

what did male ppts do?

what were the finds compared with then they listen to neutral lyrics?

what was the female effect?

Answer 13

priming of aggressive scripts in memory by investigating a neglected form of media violence-song lyrics.

listened to songs featuring aggressive derogatory lyrics about women.

ppts recalled more negative qualities about women + behaved more aggressively towards a female confederate.

replicated w fem ppts, and obtained similar results

Question 14

AO3✅

strength of desensitisation?

Answer 14

research support from krahe et al showing ppts violent film clips while measuring physiological arousal using skin conductance. ppts who were habitual viewers of violent media showed lover lvls of arousal as they watched violent film clips. they also reported pleasant arousal and lower lvls of anxiety arousal. lower arousal was correlated w unprovoked aggression In ‘noise blast’ task.
finds confirm hypothesis based on desensitisation.

research support from huesmann…males were less sympathetic towards rape victims. also ignored rape myths ect. shows that they were desensitised by the straw dogs film

Question 15

AO3✅

strength of disinhibition?

Answer 15

research support from Berkowitz and Alioto, found that ppts who saw a film depicting ggression as vengeance gave more electric shocks for longer duration to confederate. suggests that media violence may disinhibit aggressive behaviour when its presented as justified. this is bc vengeance is a powerful justification for violence, and justified violence is more likely to be seen as socially acceptable. adds validity to disinhibition concept bc it demonstrates the link between removal of social constraints and subsequent aggressive behaviour, at least in the case of justified aggression.

Question 16

AO3✅

Strength of cog priming?

Answer 16

potentially life saving benefits in understanding how cog priming influences aggression in real life situations. whether such situations break out into violence depends on how ppts interpret environmental cues. this in turn depends on the cognitive scrips They have stored in emory. bushman and Anderson say someone who habitually watched violent media accesses stored aggressive scripts more readily, meaning they r more likely to interpret cues as aggressive, resort to violent solution and fail to consider the alternatives. this example provides possible means by which violent media could trigger aggressive behaviour through the priming of cog scripts. effective interventions could potentially reduce aggressive behaviour by challenging hostile cog biases and encouraging habitual violent media users to consider alternatives to aggression.