Aggression Flashcards
What Defines Aggression?
Intent to harm others
Physical and emotional harm
Passive aggression included
Example: Bullying
Types of Aggression
Proactive: Means to end
Reactive: Direct response
Example: Revenge acts
Violence and Related Terms
Violence: Extreme aggression
Anger: Strong displeasure
Hostility: Antagonistic attitude
Example: Homicidal acts
- Reproductive Success Study
Attractiveness vs. threat levels
Aggression noise experiment
Example: Ainsworth & Maner, 2014
- Genetic Factors
Heritability: 33-50% variation
MAOA gene linked
Controversial findings
Example: Twin studies
- Hormonal Influences
Testosterone weakly linked
High testosterone, low cortisol
Serotonin restrains aggression
Example: Hormonal imbalances
- Brain and Executive Functioning
Executive functions critical
Poor functioning, higher aggression
Brain damage increases aggression
Example: Concussion studies
- Learning Aggression
Influenced by learning
Positive and negative reinforcement
Punishment effectiveness varies
Example: Bandura’s theory
- Corporal Punishment
Physical force for correction
Common, antisocial behavior link
Example: Spanking studies
Social Learning Theory
Behavior learned observationally
Cycle of violence phenomenon
Nonaggressive models helpful
Example: Bobo doll study
Nonviolent Cultures
Cultures vary in aggression
Examples: Balinese, Paliyan
Cultural norms influence aggression
Culture of Honor
Honor, status emphasize aggression
Higher homicide rates
Example: Southern U.S.
Gender and Aggression
Men more physically violent
Domestic violence gendered
Example: Global trends
Gender and Intimate Partner Violence
Equal likelihood physical assault
Men less likely report
Women face severe outcomes
Example: Domestic disputes
Individual Differences in Aggression
Childhood aggression predicts future
Personality traits influence aggression
Dark Triad predicts aggression
Example: Longitudinal studies
