Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GIGU 2 Exam 1 > Agents For Diarrhea And Constipation - Dr. Segars > Flashcards

Agents For Diarrhea And Constipation - Dr. Segars Flashcards

1
Q

4 agents for D

A
  1. Prostaglandin Inhibitors
  2. Opioid Agonists
  3. Serotonin Antagonist
  4. Chloride Channel Inhibitors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

5 drugs for Constipation

A
  1. Laxatives and Cathartic agents
  2. Peripheral Opioid antagonist
  3. Guanylate Cyclase - C agonist
  4. Selective Chloride (C2) Channel activators
  5. Serotonin type-4 Partial Agonist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PGR inhibitors

1

A

Bismuth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Opioid agonist

3

A
  1. Loperamide
  2. Diphenoxylate
  3. Eluxadoline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1 Serotonin antagonist

A

Alosetron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cl channel inhibitor

1

A

Crofelemer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Peripheral opioid antagonist

3

A
  1. Methylnaltrexone
  2. Naloxegol
  3. Alvimopan
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Guanylate Cyclase-C agonist

1

A
  1. Linaclotide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
Selective Cl (C2) channel activator 
1
A

Lubiprostone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Serotonin Type-4 Partial Agonist

1

A

Tegaserod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loperamide
For what
How it works

A

Anti-diarrhea (DONT GIVE IF INFECTION RELATED**)

Chemically like opioid only not effects like it = can cause overdose causing cardiac toxicity, death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loperamide MOA + side effects

A
  1. Slows down the transit time in peristalsis : action on longitudinal and circular muscles, increase fluid and electrolyte reabsorption, inhibit secretion
  2. Anticholinergic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diphenoxylate works how and for what

A
  1. = acts like an opioid and effects like it if taking a lot
    = small amount of atropine (strong anti-cholinergic) added to limit abuse, + prescription only
  2. Antidiarrheal (not for infections)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diphenoxylate
MOA
Side effects

A

Inhibit GI motility and propulsion on SM in GI

Anticholinergic (from atropine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Eluxadoline MOA and for what

A
  1. Agonist at mu + kappa GI opioid receptors (slowing), antagonist at delta opioid R (decrease secretions)**
  2. IBS- D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Eluxadoline
Side effects
Contraindications

A
  1. Hepatic / pancreatic toxicity (increased enzymes)

2. Alcoholism, Hx pancreatitis, no gallbladder*,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alosetron MOA

A

Blocks GI 5HT receptors (blocking secretion and pain)

18
Q

Alosetron

used for what and when

A

IBS-D, when other drugs have not worked, and more severe
(Only tested in females)
** I need to go through training and monitor patient to give this**

19
Q

Alosetron side effects

A

Ischemic Colitis * (black box)

= you have to be trained and monitor patient

20
Q

Alosetron contraindications

A

Hx ischemic colitis, GI obstruction, perforation,…. Other GI or liver problems
(Bloody D, severe ABD pain, severe constipation =discontinue immediately)

21
Q

Crofelemer MOA

A

Drug comes from a tree, blocks Cl- secretion by ——I cAMP stimulated CFTR + CaCC in GI
= decrease secretions

22
Q

Crofelemer is used for what and side effects

A
  1. HIV/ AIDS non-infectious D

2. infections, abd distention, elevated Bilirubin

23
Q

Peripheral Opioid Antagonist is for what and MOA

A
  1. Constipation for chronic pain or cancer pt (they are on opioids)
    (Alvimopan = for accelerating time of recovery and preventing postoperative ileus)**
  2. Peripherally acting on mu-opioid receptors and block them
24
Q

Peripheral Opioid Antagonist Side effects of alvimopan

A

= MI more often then not

Can only used in hospitals, and need training to give this, can only give 15 pills

25
Q

Linaclotide MOA and used for what

A

Guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) agonist , to increase CFTR secretions
= IBS-C + CIC (Chronic idiopathic, unknown 1 BM/week, constipation)

26
Q

Lubiproston MOA and used for what

A
  1. PGE-1 derivative : increasing Cl channel 2 secretion of Cl-
  2. IBS-C + CIC, OIC (opioid-induced C)
    = use for opioid pts
27
Q

Tegaserod MOA and used for what

A
  1. increase type 4 5HT receptor in GI (stimulate peristalsis and secretions)
  2. IBS-C in women below 65yo)
28
Q

Tegaserod side effects

A

MI, TIA, CVA , renal disease, liver, disease, GI adhesions and problems (more likely in women over 65yo)

29
Q

Laxatives + Catherartics are used for what

A

** soften stool** that’s it

30
Q

5 Laxatives + Catherartics

A
  1. Stimulants -> inflammation inducing and irritating
  2. Salines -> salts function like osmotics
  3. Stool softeners —> just soften
  4. Bulk forming —> extent GI to increase P and more feeling to needing to go (need to drink more water)
  5. Osmotics —> pull fluid out
31
Q

Laxatives + Catherartics do what to soften and when to NEVER use

A

Increase inflammation and irritation on GI
(Not used for long)
= never on ileus

32
Q

Stimulants

A
  1. Bisacodyl
  2. Glycerin
  3. Senna
  4. Na Picosulfate
33
Q

Saline’s

A
  1. Mg salt
  2. K salt
  3. Na salt
34
Q

Stool softeners

A

Docusate

Mineral oil

35
Q

Osmotics

A 
Lactulose
Lactitol
Polyethylene glycol
Sorbitol
(Glycerin)
36
Q

Bulk flow

A 
Dietary (fibers, brans, fruit, grains)
Psyllium
Methylcellullose 
Carboxymethylcellulose
Ca Polycarbophil
37
Q

Bulk flow works how fast and contraindications

A

2-4 days

Obstruction and bloating

38
Q

Stool softener has what in it, how fast and contraindications

A

Surfactants
1-3 days
None

39
Q

Stimulants needs to do what before, MOA, contraindications, how long

A

Pre-colonoscopy prep for Na Picosulfate
= increase peristalsis an irritate cells, , increase PGEs
= abd cramping, senna (yellow pee), obstruction, ileus
= 12hr-36hrs

40
Q

Saline’s how long, needs what, contraindication,

A

More given the faster
= pre-colonoscopy prep
= HTN, CHF, Renal disease (electrolyte disturbance), Diuretics

41
Q

Osmotic time, used for what, contraindications, needs what

A

1-2 days
= Hyperammonemia (severe liver disease) + Constipation
= same as saline (renal, heart problem patients)
= Pre-colonoscopy for Polyethylene glycol (PEG-3350)

GIGU 2 Exam 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions