Agents And Treatment Of Anemia

Question 1

Parenteral iron therapy

Answer 1

Iron dextran
Furomoxytyl
Sodium-ferric gluconate complex

Question 2

Oral Iron Therapy

Answer 2

Ferrous sulfate- hydrated : most common, 20% elemental iron, 325 mg

Ferrous sulfate- anyhdrated: 30% elemental iron (65 mg)

Ferrous gluconate: 12% (36 mgs)

Ferrous Fumarate: 33% (106 mgs)

Question 3

Chronic and Acute iron toxicity with therapy

Answer 3

Acute= 1 to 2 g or iron

Chronic=

• Hemosiderosis- doesn’t cause tissue damage
• Hemochromatosis- ( Inherited or Acquired) causes tissue damage,Acquired could be caused in beta thalassemia due to excessive blood transfusion .

Chronic hemochromatosis can be treated by:

• intermittent phlebotomy
• Parenteral deferoxamine or iron chelation

Question 4

Most B12 causes are due to:

Answer 4

Malabsorption- Pernicious anemia

Question 5

Morbidity of iron accumulation is mainly due to?

Answer 5

Iron accumulation(Chronic) in endocrine organs. Eg:pancreas,gonads,pituitary gland

Question 6

RDAs for vitamin B12

Answer 6

0 to 6 months = 0.4 mcg for male 0.4 mcg for female

7 to 12 months = 0.5 mcg for male 0.5 mcg for Female

1 to 3 years = 0.9 mcg M 0.9 mcg F

4 to 8 years = 1.2 mcg

9 to 13 years = 1.8 mcg

14 plus = 2.4, 2.6 for prego, 2.8 with lactation

Question 7

Erythropoietin names and uses

Answer 7

Epoetin alpha and Darbepoetin

• The recommendations For all patients receiving( epoetin and darbepoetin) a minimum effective dose that does not exceed hemoglobin level of 12 g/dL
• Hemoglobin should not rise by more than 1 g/dL over a two-week period additionally if the hemoglobin level exceeds 10 g/dL of Erythropoietin should be reduced or treatment should be discontinued
• Treatment goals of hemoglobin greater than 12 g/dL and rising hemoglobin greater than 1 g/dL two-week period associated with cardiovascular events and decreased survival