Ageing Population 10 marker

Question 1

Paragraph One

Answer 1

An ageing population is a population where the proportion of older people are increasing as people are living for longer.
This effects society as fewer younger people are being born and yet people live longer creating an increase in the dependency ratio.

Question 2

Paragraph Two (First reason) Part One

Answer 2

• One explanation for the ageing population is the increase of life expectancy, this refers to how long people live on average.
• In 1961, 12% of the population was 65 and over and by 2001 this had risen by 4%. Whereas in 1961, 23% of the population were under 16s and by 2001 this had decreased by 3%.

Question 3

Paragraph Two (First reason) Part Two

Answer 3

• Life expectancy is increasing due to improved living conditions, healthcare, and the decrease of dangerous jobs.
• Improved healthcare has led to less deaths associated with childbirth and abortions for women and has led to less deaths involving illnesses that previously have killed people.
• Therefore, it has increased the life expectancy for many and has created an ageing population.

Question 4

Paragraph Three (Second Reason) Part One

Answer 4

• A second explanation for an ageing population is the falling fertility rate.
• Fertility rate is the average number of live births of a woman has during her lifetime,
• in 2015 the fertility rate for women under 25 had decreased but for women 30 and over it had increased.

Question 5

Paragraph Three (Second Reason) Part Two

Answer 5

• For many women due to the development of contraception in the 1960s, they were able to oversee their own reproduction causing many women to put forward their own wants such as careers before having children.
• Coleman found in 1999 that between 5% and 8% of couples were childless.

Question 6

Paragraph Three (Second Reason) Part Three

Answer 6

• Women being put in charge of the own reproduction allowed them to advocate for rights such as the abortion act and
• with this and their ability to choose, fertility rates have decreased causing us to have a larger older generation and a smaller younger generation.