Age of Jefferson Flashcards
Chesapeake Affair-
1807
Age of Jefferson
• British ship- Leopard- fired on American ship- Chesapeake- and impressed American sailors off coast of Virginia
- Eventually GB apologizes and returns the sailors
- Continuing a practice of the British Navy’s impressment of American Sailors.
- Major Cause of the War of 1812
• EMBARGO ACTO OF 1807
Age of Jefferson
o Jefferson’s worst mistake
o Felt that trade with other countries lead to war so decided not to trade.
o Hoped that France and GB would stop impressing sailors because they need trade
o Fails- Severely damages economy, particularly NE.
o Called for repeal but it didn’t work
• Marbury vs. Madison
Age of Jefferson -1803
o For the 1st time supreme court (Marshall) declared an act of congress unconstitutional
Became known as judicial review
-Furthered one of Marshalls goals of increasing power of Supreme court
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Age of Jefferson, 1803-1806
• Jefferson sent them to explore West,
- Hope they can find water route (the notorious, fabled, “Northwest passage”) to get people from Atlantic to pacific
- Disappointment, they don’t find it. But they do a lot of exploring and draw maps
Star Spangled Banner
Age of Jefferson-1814
Francis Scott Key observes battle between Fort William McHenry (near Baltimore) and British Navy during War of 1812
He is on Birtish ship attempting to get them to relase American prisoners
Inspired to write song
• Treaty of Ghent
Age of Jefferson (1814)
- Ended the War of 1812 and returned it to Status to quo antebellum
- initiates relative peace between US and GB
Battle of New Orleans
The age of Jefferson (1815)
British attack, Andrew Jackson defends
- 700 british die, only 8 americans
- biggest battle of the War of 1812, makes Jackson hero
- ironically it occurs after the treaty ended war (word didn’t arrive in time)
Non-intercourse act, Macon’s Bill #2
Age of Jefferson 1810
Non-intercourse Act-
o Allowed America to trade with all countries accept Britain and France.
o In place of Embargo Act
o Macons Bill-
saw that lack of trade was harming US so said that if either Britain or France respected American ships we would trade with that country (but not the other country)
-Neither of them really ended up doing this. major cause of war of 1812
Harrison at Tippacanoe Creek
Age of Jefferson- War of 1812
o William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana, defeats Tecumseh, a shawnee Indian leader who united tribes against western settlers
-Harrison becomes known as a war hero
British burn Washington DC
Age of Jefferson- 1814
o After Napoleon was defeated (temporarily) the British large force to US and march on DC
o Burn DC in revenge for York, Canada (which the US razed earlier in war)
o Famous Stuff- Dolly Madison carries out the famous portrait of General Washington. Madison tries to rally troops
Hartford Convention
Age of Jefferson, 1814-1815
• Group of federalists opposed to war
- Discuss: changing the constitution (including limiting president to one term) and New England seceding
These federalists look really bad. This event corresponds with the demise of the federalist party (since everyone else was nationalistic about war)
Tripoli
Age of Jefferson - Early 1800s
• Barbary pirates off coast of Tripoli attack ships who did not pay them tolls
• Jefferson takes military actions and sends navy. Pirates agree to lower tolls
with this act of “aggression” Jefferson goes against his initial initiative to lower size of military and be isolationist.
John marshall
Age of Jefferson, 1801-1835
o Most important supreme court justice
o Aimed to increase power of supreme court (=over other of branches)
• Also increase power of central gov. over states
o Jefferson’s cousin
Sets precedent for future actions/interpretations with several landmark cases including Dartmouth v Woodward, Marbury v Madison, Gibbons v Ogden
Burr-Hamilton Duel
Age of Jefferson- 1804
• At a dinner party Hamilton is reported as saying something nasty about Burr. But its not reported percisely what was said. Burr gets really angry and challenges him to duel and shoots Hamilton dead
-Demonstrates Burr’s volatile tempermant. Suprisingly, he was actually able to get away with this murder and return to congress
kentucky and virginia resolutions
Age of Jefferson; 1798-99
• Said states could nullify acts of congress
o Made in case states felt laws were unconstitutional
o Implied that states were more important than central gov.
• The concept of nullification was debated- until the Civil War decided that states were below the Federal government
