Age of enlightenment and revolutions pt 1. Flashcards
Enlightenment and French + American revolutions
John Locke
Economic policy of the Renaissance
Mercantilism
Mercantilism
A state-driven economic system that values the build up of wealth with favorable balance of trade
A nation’s power is directly related to its wealth, especially in gold + silver
It maximizes the exports and minimizes the imports
Immanuel Kant
Described the focus on reason to understand human behavior an “enlightenment”
“immaturity is the inability to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another.”
Immanuel Kant
Work by Immanuel Kant
“An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?” (1784)
Natural laws
Laws that govern human behavior
What angered Americans with enlightenment ideas?
The British passed Navigation Acts that colonist could only trade with them
No taxation without represenation
How did the American revolution end?
Treaty of Paris
Despot
Monarch who establishes enlightenment reforms
Thomas Hobbes
Humans are evil and need powerful government
Social contract that gives power to ruler
“Leviathan”
John Locke
Blank slate
Natural rights from birth’Limited government that is obligated to the people
People can overthrow government
“Two treatises on government”
Supported glorious revolution
Baron de Montesquieu
Checks and balances
One person has too much power = tyranny
“Spirit of laws”
Voltaire
Human nature = neutral
Freedom of speech, thought, religion
“I might not agree but I’ll defend your right to speak”
“Candice”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Social contact/ general will
Humans good but corrupted by society
“The social contract”
