Age

Question 1

Parsons - Youths - Functionalism

Answer 1

Argues age related differences contribute to overall functioning of the social system .Differences are key for smooth functioning of society - childhood socialises - adolescence is a stage for developing independence

Question 2

Eisenstadt -youth - functionalism

Answer 2

Argued the differential age groups enable individuals to learn and acquire new social roles and contribute to cohesion and solidarity. Youths need to go from ascribed status of a child to achieves status of an adult - a forum of frustration

Question 3

Parsons - middle age - functionalism

Answer 3

Women - expressive
Men - The instrumental

Question 4

Parsons - old age - functionalism

Answer 4

The elderly do have lower status / can be disengaged as they abandon some social roles and leave the younger generations to pick up roles

Question 5

Cumming and Henry - old age functionalist

Answer 5

Disengagement theory - states the process of disengagement from previous social roles is beneficial for social order

Question 6

Bond - Marxism

Answer 6

The political economy of old age - lower social classes are more likely to suffer poverty in old age - government state pensions are inadequate

Question 7

Phillipson - Marxist

Answer 7

The elderly are forced to retire and therefore institutionally marginalised- dependent on society and denied access to work

Question 8

Vincent - Marxist

Answer 8

Age is another aspect of stratification - disadvantage tied to the needs of the economy- Reserve army of labour - age divisions are often blamed on biological ageing , over estimates the problem of the ageing population

Question 9

Jones - Marxism

Answer 9

Elderly are the new reserve army of labour as they face childcare and financial burdens supports their grandchildren

Question 10

Barron and Norris - Weberian

Answer 10

Primary and secondary labour market - youth and old are more likely to be part of the secondary

Question 11

Parkin - Weberian

Answer 11

Negatively privileged status groups - middle age use social closure to keep young or old people out of positions of authority and status

Question 12

Polhemus - postmodernism

Answer 12

Due to supermarket of style youths now have more choices available to them - youth non- homogenous

Question 13

Laczko and Philipson - postmodernism

Answer 13

Researched early retirement and found that inequality faced by some elderly people due to wealth not ageing itself

Question 14

Featherstons and Hepworth - Postmodernism

Answer 14

Life course deconstructed -!De - differenation - different life courses become less clear
Deinstitutionalisation - institutions of society become less closely associated with maintaining different phases of the life courses
Masks of ageing

Question 15

Blake - postmodernism

Answer 15

The grey pound

Question 16

Brannen - feminism

Answer 16

Sandwich /pivot generation - dual burden - women look after both kids and parents

Question 17

Sontag - feminism

Answer 17

Double standard of aging - women less likely to be high profile roles in the media

Question 18

Itzin - feminism

Answer 18

Women face a double standard- men’s status directly related to employment whilst women’s linked to reproductive cycle

Question 19

Gannon - feminism

Answer 19

Androcentric myths - with lifestyles and expectations placed in women rather than biology - medical misogyny

Question 20

Oakley - feminism

Answer 20

Women and children are interlinked and interdependent the inequality they face and suffer is similar