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Foundations > After midterm material > Flashcards

After midterm material Flashcards

1
Q

Who administers the state licensure exam of Physical therapy?

A

Federation of State boards of physical therapy (FSBPT)

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2
Q

Each state has the ability to decide whether or not administer what test?

A

Jurisprudence exam

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3
Q

Define Law

A

principles or rules established by an authority applied to a defined population

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4
Q

What are the three types of law?

A

criminal, civil/tort, administrative

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5
Q

what is criminal law

A

dispute with government for an act/crime

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6
Q

what is civil/tort law

A

private disputes: ‘individuals and oranizations’, and organization-organization

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7
Q

what is administrative law?

A

governs an org and operation of executive branch of government and their interactions with public legislatures and the judiciary

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8
Q

who is our governing agency?

A

Department of Health

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9
Q

Describe the Board of Physical Therapy

A

Interpretation and enforcement of rules and regulations that guide the practice of PT in Florida

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10
Q

The Board of Physical therapy practice is appointed position by ________, and confirmed by _______ _______

A

governor; Florida Senate

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11
Q

Who makes up the BoPT?

A

7 (5 PTs: florida resident, 4 years of practice, one may be full-time faculty) (2 that have never been a healthcare practitioner)

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12
Q

What falls under State and Federal Law?

A 
Practice Acts- State
Administrative codes- State
General Business Laws
Medical Laws
labor laws
Criminal/Tort Laws
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13
Q

Where can we access the laws related to PT?

A

FS Chapter 486

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14
Q

Where can we find the florida Statutes?

A

FS Title 32 Ch 486
Title 32 is the regulations of professions and occupations
Ch 486 relates to physical therapy practice

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15
Q

Where can we access Florida Administrative Codes?

A

64 B17

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16
Q

Chapter 486 is also referred to as what?

A

Practice Act

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17
Q

In reference to Chapter 486, who can PTs accept referrals from, and what three ways can PTs accept this referral?

A

MDs, DOs, Podiatrists, Chiropractors, Dentist
Must refer within their scope of practice, referral MUST be in writing (even on napkin), and PT can refer to other PT’s (but is not recognized within the law)

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18
Q

According to Ch 486, what information can be found for PT/PTAs regarding florida state law regulations?

A 
Legislative Intent
Definitions
Examinations for licensure
Licensing (application, renewal, revoking, reactivation)
Continuing Education requirements
Fees for licensure
exemptions
Prohibitive acts (including sexual misconduct)
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19
Q

Can a Physical Therapist penetrate viable skin?

A

Only if it is necrotic

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20
Q

Can a PT treat without a practitioner of record?

A

Yes, no more than 21 days

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21
Q

What two ways can a PT supervise a PTA?

A 
General supervision (when performed for board certified orthopedic: MD or DO, physiatrist, chiropractor)
Onsite supervision (when performed for all others regulated by Florida Statute: MD or DO, podiatrist, Dentist)
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22
Q

What qualifications must be met to have a PT license?

A

18 y/o, good moral character, graduation from accredited school of PT, diploma, passed board examination, and be entitled to licensure without examination

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23
Q

What are the requirement for licensure application?

A

$100 max fee to apply for NPTE
fill out required form
3 attempts to pass (if you don’t add’l education req’d)
2 additional attempts to apss (if not, NEVER sit again)

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24
Q

How can your licensed be issued?

A

$150 max fee if you have taken the exam
$175 if you apply without taking the exam
Pass the NPTE
Be licensed in another state (territory)

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25
Q

How often is your license required for renewal?

A

Biennial

No greater than $200

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26
Q

What happens when you need to reactivate your license?

A

Apply for reactivation

Complete the requirements: 10 Classroom hours for each year inactive, pay fees

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27
Q

What are the qualifications required for a PTA licensure?

A

18 y/o, good moral character, graduated from accredited school of no less than 2 years, and pass board exam

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28
Q

What are the Continuing Education Requirements?

A

24 hours every 2 years, each licensee is responsible for maintaining their own records, subjected to random audits by the board to substantiate your cont. edu., courses must be approved by APTA, hardship exceptions can be made

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29
Q

What is considered sexual misconduct and what are the consequences?

A

ATTEMPTS or INDUCES or ENGAGES in sexual activity/misconduct.
you can lose license
You have burden of PROVING YOUR INNOCENCE

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30
Q

Refusal/Revocation/Suspension can be the result of what?

A

Being unable to practice with reasonable skill/safety (substance abuse, illness/mental/physical condition)
If probable cause exists, submission to an exam is req’d
if suspended, individual has opportunity to demonstrate skill/safey
record or orders of the Board cannot be used against individual in any other proceeding

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31
Q

What are prohibited acts, according to Chapter 486?

A

practice without active license (does not include suspension or revocation)
misrepresent yourself to get license
mislead public into thinking you’re a PT
Knowingly conceal information relating to violations in this chapter

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32
Q

What is the Florida Administrative Codes and what purpose to they serve?

A

Rules; that organize rulemaking procedures by guiding the board in how to do their job, and outline specifics of the administration of the profession

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33
Q

According to 64 B17, how many hours of home study can you have (within 24 CEUs)?

A

12

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34
Q

1 CEU = how many contact hours? 1 contact hour = how many minutes?

A

10

50

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35
Q

What is the requirement of HIV education

A

No more than 3 hours and a minimum of 1

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36
Q

What is the requirement of Medical Errors education?

A

No more than three, and a minimum of 2

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37
Q

What are the four ethical principles that drive our approach to care?

A

beneficience, nonmalficience, autonomy, justice

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38
Q

what is beneficience

A

doing good

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39
Q

what is nonmalficience

A

do no harm

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40
Q

what is autonomy

A

the degree to which an individual can decide for themselves

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41
Q

what is justice

A

concept of culturally appropriate fairness when treating all patients

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42
Q

what are the two aspects of caring for maximum clinical effectiveness?

A

demonstration of care

motive of care

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43
Q

what is demonstration of care?

A

actions: beneficience

44
Q

what is motive of care?

A

character: benevolent, desire to help

45
Q

what is malady vs. illness

A

malady is a negative condition while illness is how malady is experienced by an individual
(two patients can have back pain but experience it differently)
not always a distinction between the two, they can overlap

46
Q

what is the difference between pain and suffering, when considering the PT practice?

A

Pain determines the intensity and duration of treatment (high vs low pain tolerance), chronic pain typically has a higher threshold and pts will underreport how much pain they have
suffering is the interpretation of physical pain by the individual

47
Q

Name the three strategies to reduce pain and suffering

A

Acknowledge presence of pain and suffering
Respect that the patient is experiencing it
demonstrate concern for the individual

48
Q

what are the four ways of demonstrating concern?

A

empathy, sympathy, compassion, caring

49
Q

Describe empathy

A

cognitive understanding of what another is feeling, “I could be you”

50
Q

describe sympathy

A

emotion of concern, sharing of an individual’s sorrows or suffering, involves a perceived quality

51
Q

describe caring (I know, I know…very broad)

A

direct regard for another’s well-being, active disposition to contribute to their well-being

52
Q

describe compassion

A

deep sympathy in response to suffering with the desire to relieve it

53
Q

what are the six problems with caring too much?

A 
invades patient privacy
threatens patient autonomy
invites bias and favoritism
create inefficiencies
compromise objectivity
carry over to personal life of PT
(seems like a good extra credit question!)
54
Q

family violence can be what type of abuse and who is at risk?

A

emotion and physical

children, elderly, women, disabled

55
Q

what are common patterns of detecting abuse

A

central injuries- head, neck, chest, abdomen

defensive posturing- forearms

56
Q

____% of perpetrators of domestic violence are ____

A

75

male

57
Q

When to report child abuse

A

(Department of children ad families)
knowledge or reasonable suspicion of child abuse, abandonment or neglect by parent or person responsible for child’s welfare

58
Q

when to report spousal/partner abuse

A

(Domestic Violence Hotlines)

health professionals must report gunshot or life threatening wounds or injuries

59
Q

When to report older adult abuse

A

(Department of Elders)

known or suspected cases: Vulnerable adults (must report), or adults in general (with informed consent)

60
Q

If abuse is identified what should you do clinically?

A

document objectively
describe demeanor of pt (crying, agitated, etc.)
use quotes when quoting what happened
photograph if possible

61
Q

____% of children are sexually abused

A

20

62
Q

____% of women and ____% of men were raped or physically assaulted by a current or former spouse

A

25, 7.6

63
Q

____% of homicides of women are by a current or former partner

A

50

64
Q

what is the definition of conflict of interest

A

situations in which individuals have interests that significantly threaten their role responsibilities or that would do so for a typical person in their role

65
Q

According the definition of conflict of interest, what does “interests” refer to?
“situations in which individuals have interests that significantly threaten their role responsibilities or that would do so for a typical person in their role”

A

any and all potential benefits to the physical therapist

66
Q

According to this definition what does “role responsibilities” refer to?
“situations in which individuals have interests that significantly threaten their role responsibilities or that would do so for a typical person in their role”

A

well delineated duties attached to formal assignment

67
Q

According to this definition what does “typical person” refer to?
“situations in which individuals have interests that significantly threaten their role responsibilities or that would do so for a typical person in their role”

A

not a particular individual but a ‘typical’ person

68
Q

What can COIs or the appearance of COIs have a negative connotation? (3)

A

Threaten responsibilities
undermine professional integrity
endanger trust of patients and public

69
Q

How can Conflict of Interests threaten responsibilities?

A

Example: a PT working in one setting and then wanting to work for another company (home health) to make extra money
Not a COI unless you are sacrificing time from other patient at first job

70
Q

How can COIs undermine professional integrity?

A

Example: If every PT left every day at 4

71
Q

How can COIs endanger trust of patients and public?

A

example: rushing patient so you can get out early

72
Q

What are the two recurring/routine Conflicts of interest? describe them.

A

episodic- conflicts that arise from choices made voluntarily (leaving early to go somewhere, coming in late)
systemic- conflicts that arise from the very structure of the practice or profession (ex: fee for service, MD referral, managed care, etc.)

73
Q

What is the fee for service provider reimbursement model?

A

Ability to increase the number of procedures provided

less cost control mechanisms

over utilization can be an incentive to increase profits

74
Q

what is the capitation reimbursement model?

A

inherent in system is an incentive to minimize use of service (restricted access)
Underutilization can be the incentive to increase profits of the MCO

75
Q

What are the four components of integrity and wrongdoing?

A

sexual harassment
substance abuse
fraud and abuse in healthcare
whistleblowing

76
Q

In regards to sexual harassment, what are the two categories defined in the EEOC (equal employment opportunity commission)?

A

Quid Pro Quo

Hostile Work environment

77
Q

What is the definition of Quid Pro Quo

A

getting something for something
threats of harm or offers of benefit at the workplace (“go have drinks with me, and I’ll give you that week of that you requested”)

78
Q

What is the definition of a hostile work environment

A

unwelcome sexual advances, requests or conduct that may unreasonable interfere with work performance or create an intimidating or offensive work environment
(needs to be made clear that the advances are unwanted, especially in a legal perspective)

79
Q

Define substance abuse

A

anything that alters your ability to practice in a safe and competent manner
(includes: illegal drugs, alcohol, prescription drugs, “hung over”, “sleep-deprived”)

80
Q

What is the definition of fraud and abuse? What is considered fraud?

A

Intentional misrepresentation of eligibility of:

Eligibility for goods/services or goods and services delivered/not delivered (billing for services not performed)

Abuse- misuse; to use wrongly or improperly

81
Q

What is whistleblowing?

A

reporting problems to appropriate authorities

‘responsible’

82
Q

when is whistleblowing appropriate?

A

when it’s morally permissible (serious harm to public is at stake)
When it is obligatory (when you have documented evidence that would convince authorities the situation exists; good reason to believe WB will lead to problems being corrected)

Understand that whistleblowing will result in personal ramifications

83
Q

What are the five steps of whistleblowing?

A 
Self-analysis (minimize bias)
Discussion with person
approach a supervisor
take issue up the chain of commence (if not done, seem as non-credible)
file a complain (must have evidence)
84
Q

What are the four components of malpractice? and how many must be proved in court?

A

Relationship had been established
A duty was owed (as a therapist you owe a duty to a pt)
Breach of duty occurred (doesn’t treat pt with EBP to best of ability or working outside scope of practice)
Damages were suffered

ALL 4 must be proven!

85
Q

Does a poor outcome constitute as malpractice?

A

Nope…it sure doesn’t (Good for us!) (Bad for them)

86
Q

Goals for the APTA are proposed by who?

A

Board of Directors

87
Q

The professional structure of APTA provides a three-tiered approach. What are they?

A

local, state, national

88
Q

What are the three units at the state and national level? These represent the ________ of APTA

A

chapters, sections, assemblies

components

89
Q

Approximately how many PTs are members of APTA

A

2/3

90
Q

what is the most local organization unit in the structure of APTA? Where are they more commonly located

A

district

in locations with high population densities

91
Q

What structural unit must “coincide with or be confined within the legally constituted boundaries of a state, territory, or commonwealth of the U.S. or DC”?

A

chapter

92
Q

What unit is organized at the national level exclusively?

A

section

93
Q

Membership in a chapter is based on what?

A

location of residency, employment, education, or greatest activation participation
automatic

94
Q

How many chapters exist? How many sections exist?

A

51

18

95
Q

Membership of a section is voluntary. However only ________can join

A

member of APTA

96
Q

special interest groups are authorized by bylaws within what units? Where are they most common?

A

districts, chapters, and assemblies

most common in sections

97
Q

What is the annual Combined Sections Meeting?

A

provides a mechanism for educational and business sessions

98
Q

How does an assembly relate to a section?

A

provides a mechanism for members with common interests to meet.

99
Q

how does an assembly differ from a section?

A

assemblies composed of members of the same class exist at state and national levels

100
Q

How many officers of APTA and how many directors constitute the Board of Directors?

A

six officers

nine directors

101
Q

who are the six officers of BoD?

A

president, VP, secretary, treasurer, speak of HOD and vice speaker of HOD

102
Q

How many specialty areas have been approved by the HOD

A

8 (cardiovascular and pulmonary, clinical electrophysiology, geriatric, neurologic, orthopaedic, pediatric, sport’s, women’s health)

103
Q

Foundation for Physical Therapy was established to promote what?

A

financial support for research in PT

104
Q

the TriAlliance of health and Rehabilitation Professions was formed by what three professions to provide a greater strength when interacting with the government?

A

APTA
American Occupation therapy association
Speech-language-hearing association

105
Q

What organization represents PT on a global level?

A

World Confederation for Physical Therapy

Member organizations are from 101 nations around the world

106
Q

Which agency is responsible for coordinating activity among all state boards that regulation physical therapy?

A

federation of State boards of physical Therapy (FSBPT)

Foundations (6 decks)

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