After Midterm Flashcards
How can we assess animal welfare? and name all four methods.
all available evidence common sense lower our sights. 1-Health 2-Production/Productivity 3-Physiology / biochemistry 4- Behavior
Economical Analogy
animals ‘‘luxuries’’ or ‘‘necessities’’.
Methods:
1- decrease income (limit available time and make animal choose which activity to perform)
2- increase cost (make animal work to obtain putative reward)
Measure Strength of preference
make them work for there favored choice. general method is to see how hard animals will work in order to obtain their preffered choice. different mothods can be used
Indicators of states of suffering
- place animal (in laboratory) in a situation in which we know it will be suffering
- record the behavior shown
- look for this behavior in commercial situations
how can we improve animal Welfare?
- Hygiene (prevent disease)
- Physical environment (prevent injury) (animal biology-behavior)
- social environment
- human contact
- Improve Human-animal relationship
what are the 3 Rs?
Reduction
Replacement
Refinement
Signs that everything is not as it should be
stereotypies
barbering
aggression
How does Canada match up in the world of animal welfare?
we are second on the ‘league table’. Is fairly advanced.
how can we regulate animal welfare?
-differences among nations(attitudes to animal, legal systems, political systems) have led to great differences in legislation designed to protect animals
federal legislation in canada
- the criminal code of canada(cruelty to animals)
- health of animal act
- meat inspection act
provincial legislation in ontario
- provincial animal act
- aniaml for research act
Cruelty to Animals law in canada
Criminal Code 444 445 446 447 -have not been revised since 1892
What animals should be protected?
- the question is can they suffer
- only:dogs, birds or mammals get special mention in the criminal code because they are more frequently the cause of animal abuse.
Animals as Property or Sentient Beings?
proper methods of killing an animal
killing an animals, if it is done humanely and quickly, does not reduce their welfare.
what are the 2 main categories from the criminal code and descried them?
Intentional Cruelty: intentionally hurting an animal in manner that is deemed cruel.
Neglect: failing to provide food, water, shelter or care.
Name 3 example of elective surgeries for farm practices animals? does Ian approve or disprove these practices and why?
- castration
- tail docking
- beak trimming
- Ian approves: he feels that these practices are actually improving the welfare of the animals in the long run and farmers are evolving and starting to use local anesthetics.
what is the problem with domesticated animals?
are we still able to meet the physical, social and emotional needs of these animals while simultaneously trying to impose our expectation of them as ‘pets’.
what is raised in both human and dog when put together for 3 minutes.
Oxytocin levels double.
what are some of the cost-benefit that could improve animal welfare?
1. Pain of vaccinating animals, B= Avoidance of disease. 2-pain of tail-docking sheep, B= avoidance of fly strike 3-pain of de-beaking poultry B=Avoidance of cannibalism 4-pain of tail-docking dairy cows B= comfort of milker.
how can we find out what value people place on welfare?
- ask them: surveys
- see how they actually behave(set up a experiment in which they have a choice)
- let them either directly (Switzerland) or through their elected reps, lay down standards, codes or legislation.
what are the 5 freedoms?
- Freedom from hunger and thirst
- Freedom from pain, injury, and disease
- Freedom from distress
- Freedom from discomfort
- Freedom to express behaviors that promote well-being.
