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History: Civil Rights > African Americans > Flashcards

African Americans Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the 13th Amendment and what did it do?

A

1865

Formally frees the slaves

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2
Q

When was the first Civil Rights Act and what did ti guarantee?

A

1866

Legal equality

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3
Q

When was the 14th amendment and what did it do?

A

1868

Granted African Americans citizenship

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4
Q

When was the 15th Amendment and what did it do?

A

1870

Gave African Americans the vote

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5
Q

When was the KKK Act and what did it do?

A

1871

Protected Southern African Americans

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6
Q

What did the 1873 Slaughterhouse Case do?

A

Stated that states controlled citizen rights

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7
Q

When was Plessy Vs Ferguson and what did it do?

A

1896

Established “separate but equal”

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8
Q

When was the Fair Employment Act?

A

1941

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9
Q

What year was Plessy Vs Ferguson overturned and by what, and under which president?

A

1954

Overturned by Brown Vs Board under Eisenhower

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10
Q

Which consecutive Acts were introduced by Kennedy and made legit by Johnson?

A

1964 Civil Rights Act

1965 Voting Rights Act

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11
Q

What Act was in 1968?

A

Fair Housing Act

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12
Q

What and When was California Vs Bakke?

A

1978

White student discriminated against when trying to join school

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13
Q

When was MLK Day introduced ?

A

1983

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14
Q

What Act was in 1983?

A

Civil Rights Restoration Act

Recipients of federal funds must comply with the civil rights laws in all areas

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15
Q

When were the Rodney King Riots?

A

1992

Due to the excessive force used against Rodney King by policemen which killed him

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16
Q

Main events during Reconstruction Period 1865 - 1877 (turning point)

A

Led by Andrew Johnson in wake of civil war

Passed the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendment giving African Americans the vote

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17
Q

Main events during the Gilded Age 1875 - 1895 (turning point)

A

Introduction of the Jim Crow Laws

Increased opposition to African American rights through the KKK

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18
Q

World Wars (turning point)

A

WW1 increases employment, migration, ghettos

WW2 link with Hitler and Jewish persecution discouraging overall discrimination.

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19
Q

1950’s (turning point)

A

Murder of Emmet Till, Brown Vs Board, Little Rock

Rosa Parks, and Montgomery Bus Boycotts

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20
Q

1960’s (turning point)

A

Birmingham Protest, March on Washington, Civil and Voting Rights Act, role of MLK

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21
Q

Black Power (turning point)

A

Malcom X and Nation of Islam
Militant role of the Black Panthers and black consciousness
Other key activists believed it hindered progression of rights

22
Q

Who was Frederick Douglas?

A

Led abolitionist movement and president of Freedman’s Savings Bank

23
Q

Who was Blanche K. Bruce?

A

First African American senator to serve a whole term in office 1881- 1885

24
Q

Who was Ida B. Wells?

A

Co-founded the NAACP and campaigned against lynching’s and Jim Crow laws

25
Q

Who was Booker T. Washington?

A

Disagreed with Du Bois and promoted education and economic advancement to secure rights
Established Tuskegee institute

26
Q

Who was W.E.B. Du Bois?

A

Established NAACP and believed in political rights campaigns

27
Q

Who was A. Phillip Randolph?

A

Led organised labour causes in 1920’s to pressure govt.

Member of BOTSCP

28
Q

Who was Marcus Garvey?

A

Established black identity and consciousness

29
Q

Who was MLK?

A

Led SCLC, credited with Civil Rights Act

30
Q

Who was Malcom X?

A

Believed in separatism worked with N.o.I

31
Q

Who was Jesse Jackson?

A

Ran as president candidate in the 1980s

32
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

Supported rights to hampered by Southern States

33
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

Very limited support for African American rights

34
Q

Franklin D. Roosevelt

A

Introduced New Deal = slight improvements

35
Q

Harry S. Truman

A

“To secure these rights” published

36
Q

Dwight Eisenhower

A

Forced to act during Brown Vs Board

37
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

Meets with MLK

38
Q

Lyndon B. Johnson

A

Passes Civil Rights and Voting Rights Acts

39
Q

Richard Nixon

A

Introduces Affirmative Action

40
Q

Ronald Reagan

A

Limited support, opposes MLK Day

41
Q

What was the Freedman’s Bureau?

A

Organisation to support ex-slaves

42
Q

Who were the KKK?

A

White supremacists group set up in 1867 led lynching campaigns. Resurges in 1920’s, 1950’s

43
Q

What were the NAACP?

A

National Association for Advancement of Coloured People set up in 1909. Focused on legal challenges.

44
Q

What was the Tuskegee Institute?

A

Set up by Booker T. Washington in 1881 to train teachers and promote education improvements

45
Q

What was the UNIA?

A

Universal Negro Improvement Association founded by Garvey in 1914, first large organization.

46
Q

What was the White Councils?

A

Set up after Brown Vs Board to protest school segregation

47
Q

What was the SCLC?

A

Southern Christian Leadership Conference founded in 1957. Led by MLK

48
Q

What was CORE?

A

Congress of Racial Equality founded in 1942. Introduced freedom rides and challenged segregation.

49
Q

What wad the SNCC?

A

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee established in 1962.

50
Q

What was the Nation of Islam?

A

Founded in 1930 and Malcom X worked with them to promote African heritage in 1950s/60s

51
Q

What were the Black Panthers?

A

Founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seal. Called for armed resistance and hostility to whites.

History: Civil Rights (4 decks)

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