African Americans Flashcards
When did a Florida railroad company first introduce segregated railway carriages?
1887
Which Supreme Court case reinforced segregation laws?
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
What phrase justified segregation under Plessy v. Ferguson?
Separate but equal
In which case was “separate but equal” extended to schools?
Cumming v. Board of Education (1899)
What was the poll tax introduced in Georgia, and why was it a barrier?
Up to $2; most African Americans were too poor to afford it.
What was the “Grandfather Clause,” and which state introduced it in 1898?
A rule granting voting rights only to those whose grandfathers had voted before 1867; Louisiana introduced it.
Which state introduced literacy tests in 1890 to restrict African American voters?
Mississippi
By 1910, what was the status of African American voting in the South?
Very few African Americans could vote.
What was the average number of African Americans lynched per year between 1880-1910?
Around 100 per year.
Why were lynching cases rarely brought to court?
All-white juries would not convict white perpetrators.
What institution did Booker T. Washington establish in 1881?
The Tuskegee Institute in Alabama
What did Washington believe was the key to African American progress?
Education and economic success
What speech did he give in 1895 advocating economic progress over political activism?
The Atlanta Compromise Speech.
Which U.S. President frequently consulted Washington on African American issues?
Theodore Roosevelt.
What was Du Bois’s background in education
