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Clin Med II MHM - Cardio 2 > AFib and Flutter > Flashcards

AFib and Flutter Flashcards

1
Q

What is the MC sustained irregular rhythm?

A

A Fib

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2
Q

What populations are more at risk for A Fib?

A

White males

65+ yo

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3
Q

What disorder is often related to atrial stretching or scarring?

A

A Fib

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4
Q

What can cause A Fib?

A
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Acute vagotonic episodes
  • Acute ETOH intoxication
  • Post-op
  • End stage lung disease
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5
Q

What is the leading cause of stroke?

A

A Fib

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6
Q

Describe what A Fib is

A

Disorganized, rapid atrial activation by any foci

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7
Q

Where are A Fib ectopic foci MC located?

A

Ostial portion of pulmonary veins

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8
Q

Majority of episodes of paroxysmal AF are triggered by?

A

Atrial premature beats

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9
Q

How does AF look on EKG?

A
  • Rapid irregularly irregular HR

- No discernible P waves

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10
Q

What is the biggest consequence of AF?

A

Stasis of blood in the atria can lead to clotting and thromboembolic events

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11
Q

Classifications of AF

A
  • Paroxysmal: intermittent
  • Persistent: fails to self terminate within 7 days
  • Permanent: 12+ months
  • Lone: no other associated heart defects or diseases
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12
Q

What can be used to assess stroke risk in patients with AF?

A

CHADS2 score

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13
Q

Treatment of AF?

A
  • Try cardioversion for any new onset
  • BB and CCB to control HR
  • Anticoag for prevention of embolization
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14
Q

What lab should be drawn for all patients with first episode of AF?

A

TSH

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15
Q

What is the caveat surrounding cardioversion of AF?

A
  • Anticoag (heparin) needs to be given beforehand

- If greater than 48 hrs of AF, full oral anticoag for 3 weeks needed before cardioversion

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16
Q

Is atrial flutter more or less common than AF?

A

LESS but can lead to AF

17
Q

When does atrial flutter commonly occur?

A

After starting antiarrhythmic for AF

18
Q

Is rate control more or less difficult with atrial flutter compared to AF?

A

MORE difficult

19
Q

Treatment of atrial flutter?

A
  • Try cardioversion
  • BB or CCB to control HR
  • Ablation of IVC and tricuspid annulus pathway (Type 1)
20
Q

What is more effective in treating atrial flutter - antiarrhythmics or cardioversion?

A

Cardioversion

21
Q

Rate control in atrial flutter commonly requires what else?

A

RF ablation

22
Q

What can RF ablation be used for?

A

To convert to and maintain NSR in atrial flutter

Clin Med II MHM - Cardio 2 (12 decks)

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