AF-AM Slavery: Conflict & Civil War Flashcards
In 1860, the voters of the United States elected Republican Abraham Lincoln as their 16th president.
- Because his party firmly opposed the _______, it alarmed southern leaders, who feared that a Lincoln administration would sharply discriminate against their slaveholding population.
- These leaders had threatened that their states would ______ in the event of a Lincoln victory. When it came to pass, that is exactly what they did.
- expansion of American slavery,
- secede (withdraw) from the Union
By June of 1860, what 6 Southern States were first to leave the Union?
Which state was the capital of the Confederacy? Who was their president?
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana.
Montgomery Alabama was the capital, and their president was Jefferson Davis.
When and what event did the withdrawal turn violent? Who won this conflict?
April 12th, 1861,during the battle of Fort Summer. The confederacy won, calling a southern win for the Civil Wars first battle.
The following September, Union forces won the important Battle of Antietam, repelling Confederate general Robert E. Lee’s invasion of Maryland. Five days after this victory, on September 22, an emboldened Lincoln issued a preliminary ___________
emancipation proclamation.
What were the roots of the Civil War conflict? (4)
Slavery disputes, state rights, economic concerns, and differences between the old agricultural South and the rapidly expanding industrialized North.
In August 1861, four months after the Civil War began, abolitionist Frederick Douglass proposed that the Union army admit black volunteers. Lincoln would not—could not—accept Douglass’s proposal. His refusal to accept black volunteers in the army sprang from several roots:
- One involved implacable opposition from _____, who did not want to serve alongside ____ due to the image of equality it’d produce.
- Another stemmed from the question of ____, which still was, at that point, unresolved.
- Thousands of free African Americans showed themselves ready to face any risk, military or political, to end slavery, even without the assurance of ______ by the federal government
- a large proportion of the Union army’s white officers and troops, who did not want to serve alongside armed blacks, and who disliked the image of equality that would be produced.
- black citizenship
- universal emancipation
Black Enlistment:
In the North: ____ blacks were able to sign up due to their relative passing. It wouldn’t be until ____, 6 months after the emancipation proclamation took place, that all blacks were authorized to enlist.
In the South: confederates admitted emancipated blacks into their military forces as early as ___, but only as _____. These blacks offered to help save the nation that had enslaved them for a number of reasons: (list 3).
By 1865, Confederate legislature voted to admit ___ slaves into the army. They were promised ____ if the war was won.
North: Lightskin Blacks, July 1862.
South: 1861, laborers.
- loyalty, pessimism that south would win, and out of fear if they didn’t.
200,000. Freedom.
What did a union draft enforced by Lincoln lead to indirectly? What other factors influenced this? Who in specific was targeted during this?
A riot in NYC, alos fanned by black civilians who began taking up the cities labor force, taking jobs from whites. Therefore, many blacks were targeted during the riot.
By the end of the war, the number of Union and Confederate men killed in battle and other war-related causes had exceeded ____. The nation lost more lives in the Civil War than it did in all other wars through the ______ (1957–75) combined.
620,000, Vietnam Conflict.
War End Black Holidays:
1. What day is emancipation day?
- What is Watch Night? When is it celebrated?
What is Juneteenth? Why did this occur so late? (2 reasons)
- September 22nd, 1862.
- Watch Night, or Freedoms Eve, was that last day of the year in 1862 before Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation became effective on January 1st, 1863.
- Juneteenth is the anniversary of June 19th, 1865, which was the day Texas slaves learned they were free. This occured so late because it took time for word to spread through the fractured country, and because confederate slaveowners still held their slaves until the Union would come to free them.
What is the Freedmen’s Bureau and its mission?
the Bureau of Freedmen, Refugees and Abandoned Lands, universally known as the Freedmen’s Bureau was established by congress. Its mission: to accommodate the physical, educational, and psychological requirements of all southerners, white and black alike.
Some happenings after the war…
- Free migrating blacks from the south created problems for liberators, who ___
- Some blacks, especially the elderly, _____. This was because … (2 reasons).
- lacked facilities to support their educational and living needs.
- could not imagine life as freemen, therefore they stayed with their masters. This was because they knew nothing else or felt they were the safest places for them.
Although bright times for blacks, darkness still showed their faces through _____, such as ____ (6)
hate groups.
First Baptist Church,
Mother’s Little Helpers,
Knights of the White Camellia,
Red Shirts,
The Council of Safety
and the Ku Klux Klan.
Southern blacks were still oppressed in more discreet ways.
They___ and ____, despite _____.
- often had trouble collecting their wages and were taken advantage of, despite Northern worker laws being set to protect them.
What was the Fourteenth Amendment/ What year was it implemented?
What was the Fifteenth Amendment? Did it always hold up in the South?
The Fourteenth Amendment defines U.S. citizenship and guarantees all citizens equal protection of the law. It was established in 1868.
The Fifteenth Amendment forbade the federal or state governments to deny or abridge any citizen’s right to vote “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” This did not always hold up in the South.
