AF-AM Slavery: Conflict Buildup

Question 1

By the early 19th century the Deep South’s rice and cotton plantations had lost hundreds of slaves, most of whom fled to ______ because ____ owned them at the time.

Answer 1

Florida’s trackless swamps. Spain.

Question 2

Swamp Conditions:
1. Florida’s swamps were almost ____ to stranger, because of ____ (6).

2. This steamy region was also rich in _____ (3), and it had ____

Answer 2

1. Almost impenetrable to strangers—”dense jungles, high grass, deadly reptiles, alligators, hordes of insects, and tropical diseases.
2. fish, fruit, and other food sources. Fertile land for planting crops.

Question 3

Alliance:
1. Florida was full of ______ who harbored fleeing Africans. Initially, they saw blacks as ____, but eventually took them in as their own.

2. These Indians were known as the ______.

Answer 3

1. exiled Indians. Servants.
2. Seminole Indians.

Question 4

Capture & War:
1. In ____, annoyed by Spain’s refusal to capture and return escaped slaves in Florida, the U.S. government _____

2. Weary of trying to cope with this constant unrest, Spain ____ Florida to the United States for ____ in 1819.
3. A series of conflicts brew from this, two to be exact, known as the ____. They waged for more than two _____.

Answer 4

1. 1816, sent troops into the territory
2. sold, $5 million.
3. Seminole Wars. decades.

Question 5

War Results:
1. The blacks and Indians agreed to a ____, as the Americans were tired of _____.

2. Its resolution, however, left the allies with mixed feelings:
   for the Seminoles, it meant _____

For the blacks, it delivered what they had wanted in the first place: ____. But it also closed off an ____

3. By 1842, most of the area had been ______, leaving few places where black fugitives could find safety and from which they could gather strength.

Answer 5

1. Peace Treaty. Exhausting their troops/civilians.
2. an end to a generation of bloodletting, but it also meant giving up their homeland and accustomed way of life.

Freedom, escape hatch for the still-enslaved men and women of the Deep South.

3. settled by whites.

Question 6

Name how these following abolitionists delivered their messages:

David Rice, David Barrow, John D. Paxton, Henry Clay, James G. Birney.

Answer 6

David Rice: Called slavery a “injustice and robbery”

David Barrow: Removed from church association for preaching freedom for slaves.

John D. Paxton: Spoke of the “moral evil in slavery and Christian responsibility in freeing slaves”

Henry Clay: Supported gradual emancipation, though not entirely a abolitionist

James G. Birney: Worked to pass legislation to improve slave conditions, despite being a slaveholder. Later became president for the new Liberty Party, which sought to end slavery.

Question 7

Who is John Rankin. What is his relevance?

Answer 7

He was a abolitionist minister who led a strong antislavery group. He became one of the most active agents for the Underground Railroad.

Question 8

What / When was the “gag” rule that the south and conservatives pushed? How long was it enforced and who repealed it?

Answer 8

A law in 1836 that made it so “all petitions, memorials, resolutions, propositions, or papers relating … to the subject of slavery will result in no further action to be taken in its favor”.

It lasted 8 years, until John Quincy Adam succeeded in repealing it.

Question 9

What compromise further pushed the struggle between the North and South. Why?

Answer 9

The Missouri compromise, because it saw the expansion of slavery into another section of the Union– the West.

Question 10

Black Abolitionist:
Who was Sojourner Truth? Why were they relevant?

Answer 10

A slave who gained freedom in NY after it was abolished in 1827. She traveled—or “sojourned”—widely, preaching salvation to huge crowds throughout New York State and New England.

Question 11

Black Abolitionist:
Who was Fredrick Douglass? Why were they relevant?

Answer 11

He was a former slave apart of the American Anti-Slavery Society who began to lecture tirelessly. He was relevant for his demanding attributes and gripping tales that touched white audiences.

Question 12

1. What was the Underground Railroad? Include what races were apart of it and how they performed their duty.
2. How did it develop, and when did it become a part of American vernacular?

Answer 12

The Underground Railroad was a network of African American, White, and Native American people who offered shelter and aid to escaped enslaved people from the South.

It developed as a convergence of several different illegal efforts. By the 1840s, the term Underground Railroad was part of the American vernacular.

Question 13

Underground Railroad:
1. The Underground Railroad used natural and man-made transportation, including ____ (7)

2. What were stations? Who ran them?
3. Most blacks fled to ___ (3), or hid in ___.
4. “____” guided the fugitive slaves along safe-routes to the North, or hiding places.

Answer 13

1. rivers, canals, bays, roads, forests, caves, and trails.
2. Safehouses/Depots where fugitives (slaves and abolitionists) could hide, eat and rest. They were ran by stationmasters.
3. Mexico, Spanish Florida, or Canada. Hid in the wilderness.
4. Conductors.

Question 14

Underground Railroad:
1. What 8 strategies did enslaved blacks and agents use to get to safety?

2. What agent is most famous from the Underground Railroad?
3. What white abolitionist led and died in a raid on a U.S arsenal in an attempt of starting and arming a slave uprising? What was the event known as?

Answer 14

1. Getting Help, Timing, Drugs and Weaponry, Disguises , Coded Messages and Secret Pathways, Buying freedom, and Fighting
2. Harriet Tubman.
3. John Brown. John Browns raid on Harpers Ferry.