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DDS III Big Quiz 1 > Aerosols > Flashcards

Aerosols Flashcards

1
Q

Aerosol

A

Any fine spray in the air
Consist of finely divided condensed matter in a gaseous medium
- Dispered phased may be liquid, solid or combination of both

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2
Q

Pharmaceutical aerosols

A

Pressurized dosage form via liquefied or gaseous propellants

- Contains terapeutic agents dissolved, suspended or emulsified in a propellant mixture or solvent/propellant mixture

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3
Q

Pharmaceutical aerosols are delivered as?

A

Fine mist, a coarse, wet and dry spray, a steady stream

A stable or a fast breaking foam

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4
Q

Advantages of aerosols

A

Meds are easily withdrawn from package without contamination
Protect from atmospheric degradation
Do not need to touch the skin
Physical form, particle size and dose are controlled

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5
Q

Space spray

A

Airborne mist

Particles are airborne for long time

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6
Q

Surface sprays or surface coating

A

Spray active ingredients on surfaces

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7
Q

Components of aerosols

A

Active ingredients and adjuncts

Propellantss

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8
Q

Propellants

A

A liquefied gas with a vapor pressure
Driving force of aerosols
CFC propellants - not used
Also can be solvents

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9
Q

Alternative of CFC propellants

A

Reduce the amount of ozone in the atmosphere and increase the amount of UV radiation
Replaced with HFA propellants

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10
Q

Two phase systems

A

Liquid phase

Vapor phase

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11
Q

Three phase system

A

Layer of water immiscible liquid propellants
Layer of highly aqueous product concentrate
Vapor phase

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12
Q

Solution aerosols

A

Therapeutic ingredients in pure propellants or a mix of propellants and solvents
Solvents: solubilize active ingredients or retard evaporation

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13
Q

Suspension systems

A

Substances that are insoluble in propellant or mixture or propellant and solvent

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14
Q

Aerosol formulations

A

Emulsion, semisolid and solution

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15
Q

Emulsion aerosols

A

Active ingredients in aqueous and non-aqueous vehickles, surfactants and propellants
Product emits as a stable and quick-breaking foam

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16
Q

Semisolid aerosols

A

Uses compressed gas such as N to push the contents from the package

17
Q

Filling areosols

A

Step 1: Empty can
Step 2: Add formulation to can
Step 3: Fit valve and actuator to the container
Step 4: Add propellant and check can for leakage
Step 5: Fit actuator

18
Q

Nebulizers

A

Convert aqueous solutions or micronized suspensions of drug into an aerosol
Allow recycling
Baffles: ensure large drops return to the container

19
Q

Air jet nebulizers

A

High velocity airstream dispersion

Exit via venturi

20
Q

Venturi effect

A

Fluid speed increases when the fluid is forced through a narrow or restricted area
- Increase spread = Decreased pressure

21
Q

Standard unvented nebulizer

A

Most drug loss

air jet

22
Q

Breath enhanced vented nebulizers

A

High output during inhalation phase

air jet

23
Q

Dosimetric nebulizers

A

Produce an aerosol during inhalation phase

24
Q

Ultrasonic nebulizers

A

Transducer of piezo-electric crystal to produce high frequency sound waves

25
Q

Transducer

A

Converts high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibrations

26
Q

Piezo-electric crystal

A

Generate a voltage when pressure is applied or is subjected to stress

27
Q

Limitations

A

Continuous aerosol generation
Much of the aerosol is lost
Air jet: Increased drug concentration
Ultrasonic: Increased temp = decreased MADD; cannot nebulize high viscosity liquids

28
Q

Static mesh nebulizers

A

Liquid is pushed through a mesh by applying force

Vibrate the liquid and push droplets through the mess

29
Q

Vibrating mesh nebulizers

A

Liquid is pushed through a vibrating mesh

Mess deform into the liquid side and pumps liquid through the holes

30
Q

Aqueous solutions

A

Dilution
Contain perservatives
Unit dose, isotonic, and preservative free

31
Q

Micronized suspensions

A

Poorly water soluble drugs

Cosolvents may be used

32
Q

Nebulizer charge

A

Amount of med place din the mebulizer

33
Q

Volume fill

A

Volume of the solution placed in the nebulizer

34
Q

Drug depostion

A

Drug nebulzed and inhaled - drug exhaled

35
Q

Drug nebulized and inhaled

A

= inhaled mass

DDS III Big Quiz 1 (4 decks)

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