Aeromedical Factors and Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)

Question 1

Which statement best defines hypoxia?

Answer 1

A state of oxygen deficiency in the body

Question 2

Which is not a type of hypoxia?

Answer 2

Hypertoxic

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct response to counteract the feelings of hypoxia in flight?

Answer 3

Promptly descend altitude

Question 4

Rapid or extra deep breathing while using oxygen can cause a condition known as

Answer 4

hyperventilation

Question 5

When a stressful situation is encountered in flight an abnormal increase in teh volume of air breathedn in and out can cause a condtion known as

Answer 5

hyperventilation

Question 6

Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?

Answer 6

Emotional tension, anxiety, or fear

Question 7

A pilot should be ablt to overcome the symptoms or avoid future occurrences of hyperventilation by

Answer 7

slowing the breathing rate, breathing into a bag or talking aloud

Question 8

Pilots are more subject to spatial disorientation if

Answer 8

visual cues are taken away, as they are in instrument meterological condtions (IMC)

Question 9

Pilots are more subject to spacial disorientation if

Answer 9

body signals are used to interpret flight attitude

Question 10

If a pilot experiences spatial disorientationd during flight in a restricted visibility condition, the best way to overcome the effect is to

Answer 10

rely upon the aircraft instrument indications

Question 11

A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading information being sent to the brain by various sensory organs is defined as

Answer 11

spatial disorientation

Question 12

Then danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor visual conditions may be reduced by

Answer 12

having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance on the sensory organs

Question 13

Which technique should a pilot use to scn for traffic to the right and left during straight andlevel flight

Answer 13

Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals

Question 14

What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during flight?

Answer 14

All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance

Question 15

What preparation should a pilot make to adapt the eyes for night flying?

Answer 15

Avoid bright whit lights at least 30 minutes before teh flight

Question 16

What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight?

Answer 16

Scan slowly to permit of-center viewing

Question 17

The best method to use when looking for other traffic at night is to

Answer 17

look to the side ofthe object and scan slowly

Question 18

Large accumulations of carbon monoide in the human body result in

Answer 18

loss of muscular power

Question 19

Susceptibility to carbon monoide poisoning increases as

Answer 19

altitude increases

Question 20

What is a correct response if an exhust leak were to be detected while in flight?

Answer 20

Open air vents or windows

Question 21

Effects of carbon monoxide poisoning include

Answer 21

dizziness, blurred vision, and loss of muscle power

Question 22

Risk management, as part of the aeronautical decision making (ADM) process, relies on which features to reduce the risks associated with each flight?

Answer 22

Situational awareness, problem recognition and good judgement

Question 23

What is it often called when a pilot pushes his or her capabilities and the aircraft’s limits by trying to maintain visual contact with the terrain in low visibiltiy and ceiling?

Answer 23

Scud running

Question 24

What often leads to spatial disorientation or collision with ground/obstacles when flying under Visual Flight Rules (VFR)?

Answer 24

Continual flight into instrument conditions

Question 25

What is one of the neglected items when a pilot relies on short and long term memory for repetitive tasks?

Answer 25

checklists

Question 26

Hazardous attitudes occur to every pilot to some degree at some time. What are some of these hazerdous attitudes?

Answer 26

Antiauthority, impulsivity, macho, resignation, and invulnerability

Question 27

In the aeronautical decision making (ADM) process, what is teh first step in neutralizing a hazardous attitude?

Answer 27

Recognizing hazardous thoughts

Question 28

What is the anitdote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as “Anitauthority?”

Answer 28

Follow the rules

Question 29

What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as “impulsivity?”

Answer 29

Not so fast, think first

Question 30

What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardouns attitue, such as i”invulnerability?”

Answer 30

It could happen to me

Question 31

What is teh antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as Macho?

Answer 31

Taking chances is foolish

Question 32

What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude such as “Resignation?”

Answer 32

I am not helpless

Question 33

Who is responsible for determining whether a pilot is fit to fly for a particular flight, even though he or she holds a current medical certificate?

Answer 33

The pilot

Question 34

What is the one common factor which affects most preventable accidents?

Answer 34

Human error

Question 35

what are the names of the three integrated systems: for ascertain orientation and movement in place

Answer 35

Vestibular system Somatosensory System Visual System

Question 36

What is vestibular system?

Answer 36

Organs in the inner ear that sends possessions by the way we are balanced

Question 37

What is Somatosensory system?

Answer 37

Nerves in the skin+muscles+joints work til hearing+sense position based on gravity, feeling and sound

Question 38

What I visual system?

Answer 38

Eyes which sense position based on what is sen

Question 39

What are the vestibular illusions?

Answer 39

1) The Leans 2) Graveyard Spiral 3) Somatogravic illusions 4)Elevator Illision

Question 40

What is a Leans illusion?

Answer 40

caused by a sudden return to level flight following a gradual and prolonged turn that went unnoticed by the pilot.

Question 41

How to correct the leans illusion?

Answer 41

In response to such an illusion, a pilot may lean in the direction of the original turn in a corrective attempt to regain the perception of a correct vertical posture.

Question 42

How to correct the leans illusion?

Answer 42

a pilot may lean in the direction of the original turn to correct

Question 43

What is Graveyard illusion?

Answer 43

a pilot in a prolonged coordinated, constant-rate turn may experience the illusion of not turning. During the recovery to level flight, the pilot will then experience the sensation of turning in the opposite direction causing the disoriented pilot to return the aircraft to its original turn.

Question 44

During the Graveyard turn, how come the plane loses altittude? Leads to losing control?

Answer 44

Because an aircraft tends to lose altitude in turns unless the pilot compensates for the loss in lift, the pilot may notice a loss of altitude. The absence of any sensation of turning creates the illusion of being in a level descent. The pilot may pull back on the controls in an attempt to climb or stop the descent. This action tightens the spiral and increases the loss of altitude; this illusion is referred to as a “graveyard spiral.”\This may lead to a loss of aircraft control.

Question 45

What is a somatogravic illusion?

Answer 45

A rapid acceleration, such as experienced during takeoff, stimulates the otolith organs in the same way as tilting the head backwards.

Conditions with poor visual references.

The disoriented pilot may push the aircraft into a nose-low or dive attitude.

A rapid deceleration by quick reduction of the throttle(s) can have the opposite effect, with the disoriented pilot pulling the aircraft into a nose-up or stall attitude.

Question 46

What is Elevator Illusion?

Answer 46

An abrupt upward vertical acceleration, as can occur in an updraft, can stimulate the otolith organs to create the illusion of being in a climb.

The disoriented pilot may push the aircraft into a nose-low attitude. An abrupt downward vertical acceleration, usually in a downdraft, has the opposite effect with the disoriented pilot pulling the aircraft into a nose-up attitude.

Question 47

What are the visual illisons?

Answer 47

False Horizon

Autokinesis

Question 48

What is false horizion?

Answer 48

False Horizon

A sloping cloud formation, an obscured horizon, an aurora borealis, a dark scene spread with ground lights and stars, and certain geometric patterns of ground lights can provide inaccurate visual information, or “false horizon,” when attempting to align the aircraft with the actual horizon.

Question 49

What is Autokinesis?

Answer 49

When flying in the dark, a stationary light may appear to move if it is stared at for a prolonged period of time. As a result, a pilot may attempt to align the aircraft with the perceived moving light potentially causing him/her to lose control of the aircraft. This illusion is known as “autokinesis.”