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EPHE 444 > Aerobic Testing 2.0 > Flashcards

Aerobic Testing 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

Submaximal, indirect aerobic fitness tests can occur in what two settings

A

lab-based
or
Field tests

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2
Q

how do submaximal, indirect aerobic fitness tests compare to direct measure tests

A

Less accurate but often more practical compared to direct measure tests - costs, time, equipment

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3
Q

Submaximal, indirect aerobic fitness tests allow extrapolation of VO2 from …..

A

HR measurement

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4
Q

What happens to HR with an increase in VO2

A

As oxygen consumption increases so does HR

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5
Q

What are 4 assumptions of indirect tests

A
  1. Steady-state HR is obtained for each work rate
  2. The max HR for a given age is uniform
  3. A linear relationship exists between HR, VO2, and PO
  4. Mechanical efficiency (VO2 at a given work rate) is the same for everyone
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6
Q

Although it is an assumption that max HR for a given age is uniform, in reality HR…

A

Can vary up to +/-20 bpm

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7
Q

Although it is an assumption that mechanical efficiency is the same for everyone, in reality…

A

A runner with poor running economy would exhibit higher VO2/HR at any given running speed than an economical runner

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8
Q

What are 8 types of indirect measurement of VO2max

A
  • step test (mCAFT)
  • Queen’s College step test
  • YMCA cycle test
  • Astrand cycle test
  • Ebbeling treadmill test
  • 1.5 mile run (Cooper’s)
  • 20MSR
  • Bruce treadmill test
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9
Q

What are some features of a cycle ergometer direct measurement test

A
  • Often yields lower maximal values (local muscular fatigue)
  • Some people may feel safe than on a treadmill (balance/fatigue)
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10
Q

What are some features of a treadmill direct measurement test

A
  • Often yields higher maximal values
  • more familiar mode for most people
  • Many population-specific protocols and norms available
  • Running protocols may be unsuitable for some medical conditions
  • VO2max can be estimated indirectly from total time in maximal test protocols
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11
Q

oxygen consumption increase linearly with ___

A

workload

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12
Q

How does workload change on a treadmill

A

By manipulating speed and/or elevation

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13
Q

The ACSM Walking equation is most accurate for speeds of…

A

1.9-3.7 mph

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14
Q

What is the ACSM Walking equation

A

VO2 = 0.1(speed) + 1.8(speed)(fractional grade) + 3.5

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15
Q

The ACSM Running equation is most accurate for speeds…

A

Over 5mph or as low as 3mph if participant is running

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16
Q

On a cycle ergometer, workload changes by..

A

manipulating the resistance or the pedaling rate

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17
Q

What is the equation for power

A

Power = work/time

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18
Q

On a cycle ergometer what is the equation for work

A

f x d
F = Kilogram or kiloponds resistance
D = Revolutions of flywheel and distance it moves/rev

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19
Q

What is the speed of the fly wheel

A

6m/rev

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20
Q

Where must direct test measurement take place? using what?

A

Laboratory-based using open-circuit spirometry

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21
Q

In the gas collecting system you want appropriate breathing valves, tubing and stopcocks to allow for….

A

Inspiration of room air and expiration through the system

22
Q

What does the gas collection system do

A

Collection and gas volume measurement

23
Q

Gas to be analyzed by the gas collection system should be drawn directly from…

A

The mixing chamber

24
Q

The gas collection system has ___ and ___ analyzers

A

CO2 and O2

25
Q

What is VO2

A

Volume of oxygen consumed

26
Q

What is VCO2

A

Volume of expired CO2

27
Q

What is RER

A

Respiratory exchange ratio = VCO2/VO2

28
Q

What is Ve

A

Ventilation: Volume of expired gas

29
Q

What is HR

A

heart rate (bpm)

30
Q

What is Vt

A

Tidal volume (L)

31
Q

What is FeO2

A

Fraction of O2 in expired gas (%)

32
Q

What is FeCO2

A

fraction of CO2 in expired gas

33
Q

What is TM Elv

A

Treadmill elevation

34
Q

What is TM Spd

A

Treadmill speed (mph)

35
Q

What is the gold standard of direct tests

A

Graded exercise test (GXT)

36
Q

How long should a GXT last

A

Between 8 and 12 minutes

37
Q

What is the goal of having a duration between 8-12 minutes for a GXT

A

Balance between preventing exhaustion anaerobically before reaching VO2max and exhausting working muscles due to length of test

38
Q

What is the sequence of a GXT

A

Begin at submaximal workload and provide gradual, systematic increases to the point of volitional fatigue

39
Q

What is the End Criteria for a GXT Vo2 max test (Peak Criteria)

A
  • HR fails to increase with increasing workload or is at or close to age-predicted max (+/- 20 bpm)
  • Blood lactate concentration > 8mmol/L
  • RER>1.15
  • Volitional fatigue (RPE>17 on Borg 6-20 scale
40
Q

What is the End Criteria for a GXT Vo2 max test Max Criteria)

A

All of the peak criteria plus a plateau is attained

41
Q

What is considered a plateau for VO2max

A

<2mL/kg/min change with increasing workload

42
Q

What are 7 immediate test termination observations

A
  • Dizziness
  • Volitional fatigue
  • Mental confusion
  • Cyanosis or pallor
  • BP does not increase during exercise or distinctly drops during exercise
  • Systolic pressure at or above 250 mm HG
  • Diastolic pressure at or above 120 mm HG
43
Q

What is the overall risk of exercise testing (maximal) in a mixed subject population (supervised by physicians or non-physicians)

A

~ 6 events in 10,000 tests

44
Q

Vigorous exercise increases the risk of sudden cardia death only in individuals with…

A

pre-existing heart disease whether diagnosed or not

45
Q

what is aerobic threshold

A

The level of O2 consumption at which there is a rapid and systematic increase in blood lactate concentration or a non-linear increase in ventilation

46
Q

How can we predict aerobic threshold

A

With ventilation or blood lactate concentration. Or in lab can predict with RER ~1.0

47
Q

VO2max measures…

A

The rate of O2 uptake during maximal exercise

48
Q

Rate = _____ (power or capacity)

A

power

49
Q

VO2max is often defined as…

A

Functional capacity of the cardiorespiratory system

50
Q

What is the most valid measure of the functional ability of the cardiorespiratory system

A

VO2max test

EPHE 444 (5 decks)

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