Aerobic respiration Flashcards
what are the 4 key stages?
-glycosis
-link reaction
-krebs cycle
-oxidative phosphorylation
where does glycosis occur?
the cytoplasm
which respiration does glycosis occur in?
both aerobic and anaerobic
describe the process of glycosis (3 steps)
1) glucose is phosphorylated to glucose phosphate, using ATP
2) 2 molecules of triose phosphate (TP) are produced
3)TP is oxidised to 2 molecules of pyruvate, also producing ATP and reduced NAD
why does the glucose phosphate molecule split in glycosis?
because it is highly reactive
how many carbons are there in each glycosis molecule?
glucose 6C
glucose phosphate 6C
TP 3C
pyruvate 3C
what happens to pyruvate after glycosis?
it is actively transported into the mitochondrial matrix to use in the link reaction
where does the link reaction occur?
mitochondria
where does the krebs cycle occur?
mitochondria
describe what happens in the link reaction
pyruvate is oxidised into acetate and NAD picks up hydrogen, becoming reduced NAD. acetate then combines with coenzyme A to produce acetylcoenzyme A. CO2 is released.
how many of each molecule are produced in the link reaction?
2x acetyl CoA
2x CO2
2x reduced NAD
what happens in the krebs cycle?
the acetyl CoA reacts with a 4 carbon molecule, releasing CoA and forming a 6 carbon molecule which enters the cycle. a series of redox reactions occur, reduced coenzymes and ATP are formed through phosphorylation, and CO2 is lost.
how many of each product are formed in the krebs cycle per cycle?
3x reduced NAD
1x reduced FAD
1x ATP
2x CO2
how many of each product are formed in the krebs cycle per glucose molecule?
6x reduced NAD
2x reduced FAD
2x ATP
4x CO2
what does oxidative phosphorylation involve?
the electron transfer chain and movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is catalysed by ATP synthase
