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AEMT Study > AEMT 14 > Flashcards

AEMT 14 Flashcards

Patient Assessment

1
Q

What are the 4 components of the patient assessment process?

A

1- Scene Size-Up
2- Primary assessment
3- Secondary Assessment
4- Reassessment

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2
Q

What is done during Scene Size-Up?

A

Determine the scene is safe.

Formulate a general impression of the nature of the situation.

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3
Q

When do you formulate your general impression?

A

During Scene size-up

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4
Q

What are the operational aspects of the scene size up

A

Identify hazards, number of patients, and need for additional resources.

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5
Q

What are the clinical aspects of the scene size up?

A

Determine NOI/MOI, get general impression including age, sex and responsiveness.

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6
Q

What is included in the general impression?

A

Approximate age, sex, responsiveness, sick or well.

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7
Q

What do you do if your scene is unsafe.

A

Correct hazard, control scene until deemed safe.

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8
Q

BSI comes before?

A

My scene is safe.

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9
Q

Primary Assessment includes?

A

Look for and manage life threats, establish priorites for treatment and transport.

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10
Q

What do you do when the patient appears to be unresponsive?

A

Confirm level of responsiveness, determine if patient is breathing.

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11
Q

What do you do if patient is unresponsive and not breathing?

A

Check for pulse.

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12
Q

What do you do if patient is responsive in primary assessment?

A

Check ABC’s and determine chief complaint.

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13
Q

After checking ABC’s and determining chief complaint what is the last step in primary assessment?

A

Interventions for life threats (ABC’s), determine if patient is critical or non critical. Priority of treatment and transport.

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14
Q

If patient is unresponsive and has no pulse what do you do next?

A

Start chest compressions.

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15
Q

If patient is unresponsive and has a pulse, what do you do?

A

Check for problems with ABC’s

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16
Q

What is done during secondary assessment?

A

Vitals, obtain medical history, and look for additional signs of injury or illness.

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17
Q

When you have a critical medical patient, what steps do you take in your secondary assessment?

A

Obtain history, rapid medical exam, baseline vitals and use monitoring devices, and preform head to toe exam as needed.

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18
Q

When you have a critical trauma patient, what steps do you take in your secendary assessment?

A

Rapid trauma exam, baseline vitals and monitoring devices, head to toe exam, and obtain history.

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19
Q

Non critical medical patient, what do you do in your secondary assessment?

A

Obtain history, focused physical exam, baseline vitals and monitoring devices.

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20
Q

If you have a non critical trauma patient, what steps do you take in your secondary assessment?

A

Preform focused physical exam, baseline vitals and monitoring devices, and obtain history.

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21
Q

What questions do you use to obtain history?

A

SAMPLE

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22
Q

How do you obtain history if your patient is unable to give it to you.

A

Ask a bistandard, or family for any information they can give you.

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23
Q

What do you do after you have finished your secondary assessment?

A

Reassess

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24
Q

What is the first step you take in your reassessment?

A

Reassess primary assessment; LOC, ABC’s

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25
Q

After reassesing your primary assessment, what steps do you take next?

A

Vital signs and monitoring devices. (start trending)

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26
Q

What are the steps taken in the Reassesment?

A

Reassess: Primary assessment, vitals, aspects of physical exam, changes in complaints, and sepcific effects of treatment.

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27
Q

What are all the critical components of the scene size up?

A

Establishing a safe scene, identifying the number of patients, and determining the need for additional resources.

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28
Q

What are you checking when you reassess the primary assessment?

A

LOC and ABC’s

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29
Q

How often do you reassess a critial patient?

A

Every 5 minutes

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30
Q

What is one of the first clinical goals of assessing a patient?

A

To detemine if the patients problem is medical or trauma.

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31
Q

What does the general impression help you determine?

A

The urgency of the situation.

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32
Q

What do you have to determine before before you know how to approach your primary assessment?

A

If the patient is responsive/unresponsive.

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33
Q

You would check a pulse in your primary assessment if your patient was?

A

Unresponsive and not breathing.

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34
Q

If your patient is in cardiac arrest you?

A

Immediatley start compressions and attatch him to an AED

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35
Q

How do you determine the patients level of distress?

A

By preforming a systematic primary assessment.

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36
Q

When would you first assess the ABC’s

A

If the patient is awake, responds to voice or painful stimuli, or is uncontious and breathing.

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37
Q

What is Agonal?

A

Ineffective breathing.

38
Q

What quickly follows after absent or agonal breathing?

A

Cardiac Arrest.

39
Q

How do you verify an assumed cardiac arrest if patient is unresponsive and not breathing?

A

Check for carotid pulse

40
Q

What happens when circulation is stopped?

A

The patient becomes unresponsive and stops or has ineffective breathing.

41
Q

When do you look for and correct immediate life threats during the primary assessment?

A

After confirming the level or responsiveness.

42
Q

Circulation is required for both?

A

Responsiveness and breathing.

43
Q

When do you decide the priority for patient care and transport?

A

After correcting any immediate life threats.

44
Q

In ABCD, what does D represent?

A

Disability

45
Q

In ABCD, Disability refers to patients?

A

Level or responsiveness or mental status.

46
Q

Determining the Disability is important early in the stage of assessment to help determine?

A

The seriousness of the situation.

47
Q

Mental status is also refered to as?

A

Disability

48
Q

It is important to comfirm your the level of consciousness when a patient appears to be unresponsive because?

A

They may be sleeping or obtunded

49
Q

If your patient is not alert and does not respond to your voice you would?

A

Use painful stimuli such as a sternum rub.

50
Q

A in AVPU represents

A

Awake and aware of surroundings

51
Q

V in AVPU represents

A

Responds to verbal stimuli

52
Q

During scene size up from an operational standpoint you determine what three things?

A

If the scene is safe, how many patients, and if additional resources are needed.

53
Q

What is your highest priority on an unresponsive patient?

A

checking for the absence of breathing and circulation.

54
Q

If oxygen does not reach the lungs to oxygenate the red blood cells what wil happen?

A

No oxygen will be delivered to the cells and the patient will axphyxiate and die.

55
Q

If inadiquate breathing is not corrected and the lungs are not being ventilated your patient will become?

A

Hypoxic

56
Q

If patient is pulseless you?

A

Start CPR

57
Q

When checking a pulse you are concerned with what three things?

A

If the pulse rate is within normal range, and its strength and reularity.

58
Q

Two considerations when assessing circulation?

A

1-Overall quality of the patient’s perfusion.

2- Control ongoing hemorrhage.

59
Q

What will uncontrolled hemorrhage lead to?

A

Shock and death.

60
Q

Patients with poor perfusion and significant bleeding are critical and require?

A

Rapid intervention and immediate transport.

61
Q

All other tasks and interventions are planned around what major intervention?

A

Getting your patient to the hospital.

62
Q

What kind of patients need you to quickly implement interventions to suport ABC’s and get them to the hospital without delay?

A

Critial patients

63
Q

In a critical patient where would you continue the assessment and treatments after Primary assessment?

A

En route to the hospital

64
Q

Non critical patients need to be evaluated and treated at the hospital but do not require what?

A

Immediate intervention

65
Q

The airway is a concern in what assessment?

A

Primary

66
Q

Unresponsive ptients have threatened?

A

Airways

67
Q

Secondary assessment consists of what steps?

A

Medical history, base line virals, and physical examination

68
Q

An unresponsive patient should always be considered what?

A

Critical

69
Q

For a responsive medical patient you should start the secondary assessment with?

A

Obtaining medical history

70
Q

Medical history should be focused on what?

A

Patients cheif complaint

71
Q

Basing your physical exam on the information given about the patients condiciton is called

A

A focused physical exam

72
Q

For an unresponsive medical patient the first thing you do in the secondary assessment is?

A

Rapid physical exam to detect any serious problems that were not found in the primary assessment.

73
Q

While you are obtaining vitals on an unresponsive patient your partner should be doing what?

A

Getting history from family or bistanders

74
Q

En route if you did not determine a cause of the patients condition in an unresponsive medical patient through rapid physical exam, vital signs or history you should?

A

Do a complete head to toe exam

75
Q

How do you judge the severity of the patient’s condition in a trauma patient?

A

Mechanism of injury and Primary assessment findings.

76
Q

Critical trauma patients means they have

A

life or limb threatening injuries

77
Q

For critical trauma patients it is important to do what while preparing them for transport?

A

Preform rapid trauma exam

78
Q

Time is of the essence in stabilizing what in critical trauma patients?

A

Life threats

79
Q

What is the purpose of the rapid trauma exam?

A

Further check vital areas fo the body for indications of potential life threatening injuries

80
Q

On a non critical trauma patient do you have to preform a detailed physical exam?

A

No you can do a focused physical exam focusing on the isolated injury.

81
Q

What continues throughout the call

A

assessments

82
Q

You will reassess a patient any time there is what?

A

A change in his condition.

83
Q

hypothetico-deductive approach to problem solving is what?

A

Collecting information, forming several hypotheses then proving or disproving each hypothesis to to narrow down the list.

84
Q

Heuristics: rule of thumb refers to what kind of critical thinking?

A

Assuming the most common cause.

85
Q

Seach satisficing is what?

A

Focusing on the first injury found when the patient might have a much more significant injury.

86
Q

Failure to pay sufficient attention to the possibvility that a patient has a medical problem because he has a history of psychiatric illness is known as what?

A

Fundamental attribution error or (Psych out)

87
Q

when something should be done but the provider hesites to do it is called

A

Omission error.

88
Q

Overtreating patients because it makes them feel better to do something is called?

A

Commision Bias

89
Q

Taking a piece of infomation revealed early in the assessment and making it more significant than it is is considered?

A

Anchoring

90
Q

The process in which experts typically identify a patients problem?

A

Recognizing patterns of patient presentations made familiar through experiance.

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