Aegrosystem

Question 1

Name the characteristic of an agroecosystem

Answer 1

• a system that includes all biotic and abiotic components in a farming process
• covered 40% of the earth’s surface area
• high biodiversity-> ensure yield
• Include planned & unplanned diversity ( planned diversity would also increase unplanned diversity )
• provide a range of social food services, climate regulation etc.

Question 2

1.what climate match with what kind of fd prod.?
2. what is the trend of agricultural land?

Answer 2

1.Temperate Climate: wheat
low-land tropical climate: paddy- rice
sub tropical climate : sorghum

2. increasing since 60s but decreasing in recent yrs

Question 3

What is food security and what are the three dimension of it?

Answer 3

-food security is when all people have access to healthy, quality food stabaly in order to maintain a healthy& active life

• physical availability
  -economic availability
  -utilization ( food quality, safety and knowledge in food preping)
  -stability

Question 4

What are the major challenges in achieving food security?

Answer 4

1. Production
   - lower number of cultivated land
   (urbanization, changes of land use , industrialization)
   - Lowered production capacity of land (overgrazing, poor soil management, poor irrigation)
   - Land are taken by businessmen to (produce high value agricultural products for output)
   - Increased production of bio fuel crops, fewer fd crops
   -climate change
2. Increasing food demand
   - urbanization (demand for processed fd increased-> demand for fd increased)
   -changing of lifestyle
   - higher quality of life, more meat choices in menu
   - growing population
   - food -wasting culture
3. Distribution
   - poor areas: persistent poverty+ limited job opp
   - civil war/ proxy war
   - damage in food system (eg. transport/ roads)
   - poor governance/ corrupt governance

4.Politics

Question 5

How can climate change put climate stress on food demand

Answer 5

• extreme weather
• water scarcity
• damage to food system (eg. road, transport)
• pests & disease

Question 6

What’s the three main pillars for climate-smart agriculture?

Answer 6

-resistance
-mitigation( reduce ghg)
- sus dev.

Question 7

In terms of crop management, how do we improve resistance/ mitigation ?

Answer 7

1. Crop
   - increase crop diversity
   - intercropping. crop rotations
   -gm crop ( increase resistance)
2. Soil
   - increase soil moisture retention eg. drip irrigation, pit planting
   - increase soil quality by using organic matter eg. manure, crop residue
   -> help controls soil functions
3. Fertilizer ( use precision farming!)
   - better efficiency of fertilizer
   (precise nutrient management!!)
   - use organic matter as fertilizer